@article {46113,
	title = {Azadirachtin-A from azadirachta indica impacts multiple biological targets in cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera},
	journal = {ACS Omega},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2019},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {9531-9541},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>Azadirachtin-A (AzaA) from the Indian neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has insecticidal properties; however, its molecular mechanism remains elusive. The {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}targeted and nontargeted proteomic profiling{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}, metabolomics, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) imaging, gene expression, and in silico analysis provided clues about its action on Helicoverpa armigera. Fourth instar H. armigera larvae fed on AzaA-based diet (AzaD) suffered from significant mortality, growth retardation, reduced larval mass, complications in molting, and prolonged development. Furthermore, death of AzaD-fed larvae was observed with various phenotypes like bursting, blackening, and half-molting. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data showed limited catabolic processing of ingested AzaA and dramatic alternations of primary metabolism in H. armigera. MALDI-TOF imaging indicated the presence of AzaA in midgut of H. armigera. In the gut, out of 79 proteins identified, 34 were upregulated, which were related to digestion, immunity, energy production, and apoptosis mechanism. On the other hand, 45 proteins were downregulated, including those from carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and energy transfer. In the hemolymph, 21 upregulated proteins were reported to be involved in immunity, RNA processing, and mRNA-directed protein synthesis, while 7 downregulated proteins were implicated in energy transfer, hydrolysis, lipid metabolism, defense mechanisms, and amino acid storage-related functions. Subsequently, six target proteins were identified using labeled AzaA that interacted with whole insect proteins. In silico analysis suggests that AzaA could be efficiently accommodated in the hydrophobic pocket of juvenile hormone esterase and showed strong interaction with active site residues, indicating plausible targets of AzaA in H. armigera. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis suggested differential gene expression patterns and partly corroborated the proteomic results. Overall, data suggest that AzaA generally targets more than one protein in H. armigera and hence could be a potent biopesticide.</p>
},
	issn = {2470-1343},
	doi = {10.1021/acsomega.8b03479},
	author = {Dawkar, Vishal V. and Barage, Sagar H. and Barbole, Ranjit S. and Fatangare, Amol and Grimalt, Susana and Haldar, Saikat and Heckel, David G. and Gupta, Vidya S. and Thulasiram, Hirekodathakallu V. and Svatos, Ales. and Giri, Ashok P.}
}
@article {49104,
	title = {Article chitinase inhibition induces transcriptional dysregulation altering ecdysteroid-mediated control of spodoptera frugiperda development},
	journal = {Iscience},
	volume = {27},
	year = {2024},
	month = {MAR },
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Chitinases and ecdysteroid hormones are vital for insect development. Crosstalk between chitin and ecdysteroid metabolism regulation is enigmatic. Here, we examined chitinase inhibition effect on Spodopsilencing and overexpression resulted in ecdysone receptor deregulation. Transcription factors, like Neverland, and other ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes might lead to their upregulation in berberine-fed chitinase activity{\textquoteright}s impact on ecdysone biosynthesis and its transcriptional crosstalk.</p>
},
	doi = {10.1016/j.isci.2024.109280},
	author = {Barbole, Ranjit S. and Sharma, Shivani and Patil, Yogita and Giri, Ashok P. and Joshi, Rakesh S.}
}
