@article {46424,
	title = {Formic-acid-induced using recyclable-ionic liquids as catalysts for lignin conversion into aromatic co-products},
	journal = {Waste and Biomass Valorization},
	year = {2019},
	month = {NOV},
	type = {Article; Early Access},
	abstract = {<p>Lignin has been widely named as a sustainable and renewable bioresource of energy, fuels, chemicals and materials, particularly phenolic chemicals production on Earth. These bio-derived compounds are in great potential need of biorefinery to valorize complete plant biomass. Lignin depolymerization showed a great promise approach to convert into low molecular aromatic products. In this report, high molecular weight (54,000 Da) lignin depolymerization into maximum yields (87\%), (\&gt;= 95 +/- 6\% mass balance) using a formic acid along with dual (-SO3H) functionalized imidazole-based recyclable (4 times) Bronsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) as catalysts have been investigated in H2O-CH3OH (1:5, v/v) at 120 degrees C for 1 h. The structural correlations between the lignin and aromatic products were studied by bulk (CHNS, GPC, etc.) and molecular (UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR (1D/2D) levels experimental techniques. Additionally, the identification of aromatic products was carried out by applying HPLC, GC and GC-MS techniques. Graphic Addition of a formic acid into Bronsted acidic ionic liquids improved the catalytic efficiency significantly for lignin depolymerization into 87\% low molecular weight aromatic products. [GRAPHICS] .</p>
},
	keywords = {Bulk and molecular levels analysis, depolymerization, Dual functionalized ionic liquids, Formic acid, lignin},
	issn = {1877-2641},
	doi = {10.1007/s12649-019-00896-3},
	author = {Singh, Sandip K. and Dhepe, Paresh L.}
}
