@article {48827,
	title = {3D-printed polymer composite devices based on a ferroelectric chiral ammonium salt for high-performance piezoelectric energy harvesting},
	journal = {Materials Horizons},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2023},
	month = {JUL},
	pages = {3153-3161},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is an emerging technology to fabricate complex architectures, necessary to realize state-of-the-art flexible and wearable electronic devices. In this regard, top-performing devices containing organic ferro- and piezoelectric compounds are desired to circumvent significant shortcomings of conventional piezoceramics, e.g. toxicity and high-temperature device processibility. Herein, we report on a 3D-printed composite of a chiral ferroelectric organic salt {[Me3CCH(Me)NH3][BF4]} (1) with a biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer that serves as a highly efficient piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG). The ferroelectric property of 1 originates from its polar tetragonal space group P4(2), verified by P-E loop measurements. The ferroelectric domain characteristics of 1 were further probed by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), which gave characteristic {\textquoteleft}butterfly{\textquoteright} and hysteresis loops. The PFM amplitude vs. drive voltage measurements gave a relatively high magnitude of the converse piezoelectric coefficient for 1. PCL polymer composites with various weight percentages (wt\%) of 1 were prepared and subjected to piezoelectric energy harvesting tests, which gave a maximum open-circuit voltage of 36.2 V and a power density of 48.1 mu W cm(-2) for the 10 wt\% 1-PCL champion device. Furthermore, a gyroid-shaped 3D-printed 10 wt\% 1-PCL composite was fabricated to test its practical utility, which gave an excellent output voltage of 41 V and a power density of 56.8 mu W cm(-2). These studies promise the potential of simple organic compounds for building PENG devices using advanced manufacturing technologies.</p>
},
	issn = {2051-6347},
	doi = {10.1039/d3mh00444a},
	author = {Sahoo, Supriya and Kothavade, Premkumar Anil and Naphade, Dipti R. and Torris, Arun and Praveenkumar, Balu and Zareba, Jan K. and Anthopoulos, Thomas D. and Shanmuganathan, Kadhiravan and Boomishankar, Ramamoorthy}
}
