@article {47148,
	title = {Carbon supported size-controlled ru catalysts for selective levulinic acid hydrogenation into γ-valerolactone},
	journal = {Journal of Siberian Federal University-Chemistry},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2020},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {5-16},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>Liquid phase levulinic acid hydrogenation into γ-valerolactone in 1,4-dioxane as a solvent (165{\textdegree}C, 20 bar) was studied over a range of Ru monometallic catalysts using mesoporous carbon material Sibunit as a support. In addition to the catalyst prepared by impregnation with RuCl<sub>3</sub>.nH<sub>2</sub>O (0.1 M) followed by reduction in H<sub>2</sub>, size-controlled Ru(NPs)/Sibunit catalysts were synthesized by immobilization of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized Ru nanoparticles (NPs) (d<sub>Ru</sub>=2.4 nm). Сarbon supported colloidal Ru NPs were not studied earlier in levulinic acid hydrogenation. Activity of colloidal Ru(NPs)/Sibunit catalysts was found to be lower than that of impregnated Ru/Sibunit which could be attributed to hampering effect of PVP. However, colloidal Ru(NPs)/Sibunit purified by thermal treatment in air (180{\textdegree}C) followed by reduction in H<sub>2</sub> (400{\textdegree}C) exhibited the same activity as impregnated one yielding 93\% γ-valerolactone at 100\% levulinic acid conversion. Applicability of supported PVP-assisted colloidal Ru NPs in hydrogenation of levulinic acid illustrates a potential to prepare more efficient catalysts for this reaction with a desired particle size. The catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRF, and N<sub>2</sub> physisorption to compare their physical chemical properties.</p>
},
	doi = {10.17516/1998-2836-0166},
	author = {Simakova, Irina L. and Demidova, Yuliya S. and Simonov, Mikhail N. and Niphadkar, Prashant S. and Bokade, Vijay V. and Devi, Nandini and Dhepe, Paresh L. and Murzin, Dmitry Yu}
}
