01545nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245007500055210006900130260000800199300001200207490000700219520083300226653001301059653003101072653001801103653001901121653003501140100002701175700002301202856010201225       2018                        eng d  a0930-751600aReaction engineering for continuous production of silver nanoparticles0 aReaction engineering for continuous production of silver nanopar  cJAN  a157-1670 v413 a<p>A scalable process for the production of silver nanoparticles that allows for complete conversion of the limiting reactant is analyzed in detail. The kinetics of silver nanoparticle synthesis using citrate reduction are investigated and used for development of a reaction engineering model to facilitate the reactor design. The effect of temperature, pH, concentration and mixing (axial dispersion) on the rates of nucleation and growth are analyzed quantitatively. An approach that considers reaction kinetics coupled with quality of dispersion is developed for reactor design as well as selection of reactor configurations for the synthesis of specific particle sizes. The developed approach has been applied for continuous production of 10-L suspension silver nanoparticles with very narrow particle size distribution.</p>10akinetics10aparticle size distribution10arate constant10aReactor design10aSilver nanoparticle production1 aDeshpande, Javdeep, B.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/reaction-engineering-continuous-production-silver-nanoparticles02469nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260000800256300001100264490000800275520172700283653002502010653001402035653001902049653002102068100002502089700002302114856012602137       2024                        eng d  a1385-894700aModel predicted optimization of experimental set-up and process conditions for microwave-assisted synthesis of silver nanowires0 aModel predicted optimization of experimental setup and process c  cOCT  a1554830 v4983 a<p>
	This work presents simulations led optimization of choice of a reactor for an experimental set-up for the continuous production of silver nanowires with certain constraints in terms of yield, reaction time, and dimensions of nanowires. The choice of reactors based on the simulations of reaction kinetics for nucleation and growth phases of driving the optimization of an experimental set-up and subsequent optimization of process conditions to maximize the yield of nanowires of desired dimensions. The optimized reactor configuration is dictated by the reaction kinetics and using a microwave in continuous mode becomes unavoidable. This makes the approach highly reproducible as well as scalable. The integration of conventional and microwave heating is simulated and subsequently optimized experimentally to attain a significant increase in nanowire yield under steady-state conditions with less than 15 min of residence time. The precise control over the rate in different reactor configurations governing nucleation, accelerated growth followed by slow growth to complete the conversion of precursor enables higher selectivity of nanowires with controllable dimensions resulting in 100 gm production per day using simple set-up. We systematically examined key reaction parameters, including the concentration of metal ions, residence time, and different reactor configurations. Our approach successfully yielded AgNWs with 40-60 nm diameter and 15 mu m length. The cost associated with this process for synthesizing AgNWs is less than 10\$ per gram. This study highlights the potential of continuous, high-throughput processes for controlling nanowire size and yield through advanced reactor engineering.</p>
10aContinuous synthesis10aMicrowave10aReactor design10aSilver Nanowires1 aSonawane, Jayesh, R.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/model-predicted-optimization-experimental-set-and-process-conditions-microwave-assisted