01450nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245006700055210006600122260007300188300001000261490000700271520075900278653001501037653001701052653001301069653002901082100001901111700001701130856009701147 2008 eng d a0169-131700aAdsorption of fluoride ions by Zn-Al layered double hydroxides0 aAdsorption of fluoride ions by ZnAl layered double hydroxides aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUN a54-620 v403 a

Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with different molar ratios Zn/Al (0, 0.17, 0.34, 0.97, 3.47, proportional to) were prepared by the co-precipitation of chlorides, characterized and evaluated for their fluoride adsorption at room temperature from aqueous solutions. The fluoride adsorption of the as-synthesized LDHs was influenced by the chemical composition of the LDHs and ZA-11 (Zn/Al = 0.97) had the highest capacity for fluoride adsorption (1.14-4.16 mg/g). The adsorption increased after calcination of the LDH up to 500 degrees C. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations. The kinetics of fluoride adsorption followed the pseudo-second order model. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

10aAdsorption10aAnionic clay10aFluoride10aLayered double hydroxide1 aMandal, Sujata1 aMayadevi, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/adsorption-fluoride-ions-zn-al-layered-double-hydroxides-001753nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260010600227300001200333490000700345520096500352653001501317653001401332653001301346653002901359100001901388700001701407856012301424 2008 eng d a0045-653500aCellulose supported layered double hydroxides for the adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution0 aCellulose supported layered double hydroxides for the adsorption aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUN a995-9980 v723 a

Cellulose supported layered double hydroxides (CSLDHs) were synthesized and tested for adsorption of fluoride in aqueous medium. Three samples of cellulose supported LDHs were synthesized by varying the LDH loading on cellulose. The raw cellulose, unsupported LDH and cellulose supported LDHs were characterized by XRD, SEM and BET surface area. Batch adsorption as well as fixed-bed column experiments were performed for determining the fluoride adsorption characteristics of CSLDHs. The fluoride adsorption properties of CSLDHs were found to be superior to that of reported adsorbents, including activated alumina and carbon nanotubes. Defluoridation capacity of the CSLDHs was 2-4 times higher than that of unsupported LDH. The cellulose supported LDH, CSLDH-50, having an LDH loading of 27% showed maximum fluoride uptake capacity (5.29 mg g(-1) of CSLDH, 25.18 mg g(-1) of LDH) in fixed-bed column study. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aAdsorption10acellulose10aFluoride10aLayered double hydroxide1 aMandal, Sujata1 aMayadevi, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/cellulose-supported-layered-double-hydroxides-adsorption-fluoride-aqueous-solution-002283nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260007300233300001000306490000800316520147300324653003101797653002901828653002101857653003301878100002201911700001801933856012601951 2009 eng d a0040-603100aIsothermal crystallization and melting behavior of polypropylene/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites0 aIsothermal crystallization and melting behavior of polypropylene aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUL a63-700 v4913 a

The effect of layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanolayers on the crystallization behavior of polypropylene (PP) was studied based on the preparation of nanocomposites by a melt intercalation method. The isothermal crystallization kinetics and subsequent melting behavior of PP/LDH hybrids were studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Studies revealed that the LDH promoted heterogeneous nucleation, accelerating the crystallization of PR The Avrami equation successfully describes the isothermal crystallization kinetics of PP/LDH hybrids and signifies heterogeneous nucleation in crystal growth of PR The varying values of Avrami exponent (n) and half crystallization time (t(1/2)) of PP and PP/LDH hybrids describes overall crystallization behavior. The crystallite size (D(hkl)) and distribution of different crystallites in PP varied in presence of LDH. A significant increase in melting temperature is observed for PP/LDH hybrids. The POM showed that smaller and less perfect crystals were formed in nanocomposites because of molecular interaction between PP chains and LDH. The value of fold surface free energy (sigma(e)) of PP chains decreased with increasing LDH content. Finally, the overall results signify that LDH at nanometer level acted as nucleating agent and accelerate the overall crystallization process of PR (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aIsothermal crystallization10aLayered double hydroxide10aMelting behavior10aPolypropylene nanocomposites1 aLonkar, Sunil, P.1 aSingh, R., P. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/isothermal-crystallization-and-melting-behavior-polypropylenelayered-double-hydroxide-002691nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260009900240300001400339490000700353520173200360653002902092653004302121653003302164100002202197700002902219700001602248700002002264700002402284700001802308856012302326 2009 eng d a0032-386100aPreparation and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites0 aPreparation and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of polypr aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcMAR a1505-15150 v503 a

Polypropylene (PP)/layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites were prepared via melt intercalation using dodecyl sulfate anion modified LDH and maleated PP as compatibilizing agent. Evidently the interlayer anions in LDH galleries react with maleic anhydride groups of PP-g-MA and lead to a finer dispersion of individual LDH layers in the PP matrix. The nanostructure was characterized by XRD and TEM; the examinations confirmed the nanocomposite formation with exfoliated/intercalated layered double hydroxides well distributed in the PP matrix. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of resulting nanocomposites was extensively studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique at various cooling rates. In nonisothermal crystallization kinetics, the Ozawa approach failed to describe the crystallization behavior of nanocomposites, whereas the Avrami analysis and Jeziorny method well define the crystallization behavior of PP/LDH nanocomposite. Combined Avrami and Ozawa analysis (Liu model) also found useful. The results revealed that very small amounts of LDH (1%) could accelerate the crystallization process relative to the pure PP and increase in the crystallization rates was attributed to the nucleating effect of the nanoparticles. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) observations also support the DSC results. The effective crystallization activation energy was estimated as a function of the relative degree of crystallinity using the isoconversional analysis. Overall, results indicated that the LDH particles in nanometer size might act as nucleating agent and distinctly change the type of nucleation, growth and geometry of PP crystals. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aLayered double hydroxide10aNonisothermal crystallization kinetics10aPolypropylene nanocomposites1 aLonkar, Sunil, P.1 aMorlat-Therias, Sandrine1 aCaperaa, N.1 aLeroux, Fabrice1 aGardette, Jean, Luc1 aSingh, R., P. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-nonisothermal-crystallization-behavior-polypropylenelayered-double-002877nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260000900264300001600273490000700289520193800296653003202234653002902266653002402295653002702319653002802346653002802374100002002402700002402422700002302446700002402469856013002493 2019 eng d a1944-824400a[MoS4](2-)-Intercalated NiCo-layered double hydroxide nanospikes: an efficiently synergized material for urine to direct H-2 generation0 aMoS42Intercalated NiColayered double hydroxide nanospikes an eff cJUL  a25917-259270 v113 a

Substituting the energy-uphill water oxidation half-cell with readily oxidizable urea-rich urine, a ground-breaking bridge is constructed, combining the energy-efficient hydrogen generation and environmental 6 protection. Hence, designing a robust multifunctional electrocatalyst is desirable for widespread implementation of this waste to fuel technology. In this context, here, we report a simple tuning of the electrocatalytically favorable characteristics of NiCo-layered double hydroxide by introducing [MoS4]2- in its interlayer space. The [MoS4]' insertion as well as its effect on the electronic structure tuning is thoroughly studied via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with electrochemical analysis. This insertion induces overall electronic structure tuning of the hydroxide layer in such a way that the designed catalyst exhibited favorable kinetics toward all the required reactions of hydrogen generation. This is why our homemade catalyst, when utilized both as a cathode and anode to fabricate a urea electrolyzer, required a mere X1.37 V cell potential to generate sufficient H2 by reaching the benchmark 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH/0.33 M urea along with long-lasting catalytic efficiency. Other indispensable reason of selecting [MoS4]2- is its high-valent nature making the catalyst highly selective and insensitive to common catalyst-poisoning toxins of urine. This is experimentally supported by performing the real urine electrolysis, where the nanospike-covered Ni foam-based catalyst showed a performance similar to that of synthetic urea, offering its industrial value. Other intuition of selecting [MoS4]2- was to provide a ligand-based mechanism for hydrogen evolution half-cell [hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)] to preclude the HER-competing oxygen reduction. Another crucial point of our work is its potential to avoid the mixing of two explosive product gases, that is, H2 and O-2.

10ahydrogen evolution reaction10aLayered double hydroxide10anickel oxyhydroxide10asewage denitrification10aurea oxidation reaction10aurine/urea electrolysis1 aNadeema, Ayasha1 aKashyap, Varchaswal1 aGururaj, Rakshitha1 aKurungot, Sreekumar uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/mos42-intercalated-nico-layered-double-hydroxide-nanospikes-efficiently-synergized-material