02205nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260007300212300001000285490000800295520125800303653001501561653001301576653002201589653003101611653003301642100002201675700002601697700002601723700002501749700002301774700002401797856011801821 2009 eng d a0926-860X00aVisible light induced photoreduction of methyl orange by N-doped mesoporous titania0 aVisible light induced photoreduction of methyl orange by Ndoped  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR a26-330 v3573 a

N-doped mesoporous titania was synthesized using templating method. Biopolymer chitosan was used as a template and also as a nitrogen source along with ammonium hydroxide. Three different types of N-doped mesoporous titania were synthesized by varying composition of chitosan and titania precursor. These photocatalysts were characterized using XRD, BET-SA, FTIR, UV-DRS, SEM-EDX and XPS analysis. The photocatalytic activity of mesoporous titania was studied by methyl orange (MO) photoreduction reaction. From the experimental results it was observed that the N-doped mesoporous titania (1:2) gives the highest photocatalytic reduction of MO as compared to N-doped mesoporous titania prepared with (1:1) and (1:3) stoichiometry. This could be due to the optimal level of `N' incorporation in the N-doped mesoporous titania (1:2). Photocatalysts reduce the MO dye into derivative of hydrazine. Photoactivity of N-doped mesoporous titania (1:2) is 1.0721 mg of MO reduced per g of TiO2 vis-a-vis 0.508 mg of MO reduced per g of TiO2 for Degussa P25 photocatalyst. The effect of various operating parameters like photocatalyst loading. initial concentration and intensity of light also has been studied. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10abiopolymer10aChitosan10aMO photoreduction10aN-doped mesoporous titania10aVisible active photocatalyst1 aJoshi, Meenal, M.1 aLabhsetwar, Nitin, K.1 aMangrulkar, Priti, A.1 aTijare, Saumitra, N.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aRayalu, Sadhana, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/visible-light-induced-photoreduction-methyl-orange-n-doped-mesoporous-titania-002136nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245012900055210006900184260005700253300001400310490000700324520121300331653001501544653001401559653001901573653001801592653001801610653002201628100003101650700002801681700002601709700002001735856012701755 2010 eng d a1598-503200aPreparation and characterization of bioceramic nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite (HA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)0 aPreparation and characterization of bioceramic nanocomposites ba a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcDEC a1160-11670 v183 a

We report the synthesis of biomimetic nanocomposites based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles via a co-precipitation method. Physico-chemical characterization was performed before and after calcination by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The formation of nanocomposites was observed by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spectral and crystallographic data indicated the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of CMC. They were observed as aggregates of HA nanoparticles and CMC, whose sizes were approximately similar to 260 +/- 40 nm. The crystallite size of the hydroxyapatite particles decreased (with 2 wt% 18 +/- 3 nm) with increasing CMC content. The morphological aspects of the calcined samples revealed the sintering ability of HA nanoparticles. Nanocomposites of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles that mimic the process of nucleation and growth in nature can be prepared using biomacromolecules such as CMC.

10abiopolymer10acellulose10ahydroxyapatite10aNanoparticles10aParticle size10aX-ray diffraction1 aKumar, Annamalai, Pratheep1 aMohaideen, Kamal, Khaja1 aAlariqi, Sameh, A. S.1 aSingh, Raj, Pal uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-characterization-bioceramic-nanocomposites-based-hydroxyapatite-ha-and-002433nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260000900240300001200249490000800261520151600269653001501785653001501800653002801815653002701843653001501870653002001885100001801905700002101923700001701944700001701961700002201978700002402000856013102024 2020 eng d a0141-813000aStructural and physical analysis of underwater silk from housing nest composites of a tropical chironomid midge0 aStructural and physical analysis of underwater silk from housing cNOV  a934-9420 v1633 a

Chironomids are an abundant group of aquatic silk spinning insects. They offer a unique opportunity of silk harvestation without killing them; however, they remained underappreciated models in silk research. Here, we investigate the structural and biomechanical characteristics of silk from the midge, Chironomus ramosus. A combination of microscopic (SEM), spectroscopic (CD and IR), structural (XRD), thermal (DSC and TGA) and mechanical measurement tools and techniques were employed to gain critical insights on midge silk. Maximum yield of silk was obtained from Chironomus in similar to 2.5 h, the shortest time reported among insects. The network of water-insoluble silk fibres possessed the smallest diameter of 110 +/- 35 nm, known for any insect silk, qualifying its superiority in fibre fineness. We demonstrate a cruelty-free silk extraction method in contrast to the conventional violent techniques. Structural characterization indicated coexistence of various secondary conformations, beta sheets being predominant. We compare and contrast these features to well-characterized caddisfly and silk-worm silks and highlight the uniqueness in midge silk that render mechanical stability and potentially contribute to its multi-functionalization. We thus propose Chironomus as an emerging candidate of water-borne silk, especially in the context of the `Peace silk' industry, aiming to develop non-violent methods for silk harvestation from animals. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10abiopolymer10aChironomus10aCommercial applications10aHousing nest composite10aPeace silk10aUnderwater silk1 aThorat, Leena1 aJoseph, Emmanuel1 aNisal, Anuya1 aShukla, Ekta1 aRaviKumar, Ameeta1 aNath, Bimalendu, B. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/structural-and-physical-analysis-underwater-silk-housing-nest-composites-tropical-chironomid