02356nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245015900055210006900214260009000283300001200373490000700385520127400392653002401666653002801690653002901718653003401747100002001781700002401801700002001825700002401845700001901869700002001888700002301908700002001931856012701951       2008                        eng d  a1071-576200aAnalysis of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses in complex I deficient patients revealed a specific increase in superoxide dismutase activity0 aAnalysis of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses in   aTELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLANDbINFORMA HEALTHCAREcMAY  a415-4270 v423 a<p>The mechanism of free radical production by complex I deficiency is ill-defined, although it is of significant contemporary interest. This study studied the ROS production and antioxidant defenses in children with mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase deficiency. ROS production has remained significantly elevated in patients compared to controls. The expression of all antioxidant enzymes significantly increased at mRNA level. However, the enzyme activities did not correlate with high mRNA or protein expression. Only the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found to correlate with higher mRNA expression in patient derived cell lines. The activities of the enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly reduced in patients (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01). Glutathione reductase (GR) activity and intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels were not changed. Decreased enzyme activities could be due to post-translational or oxidative modification of ROS scavenging enzymes. The information on the status of ROS and marking the alteration of ROS scavenging enzymes in peripheral lymphocytes or lymphoblast cell lines will provide a better way to design antioxidant therapies for such disorders.</p>10aantioxidant enzymes10amitochondrial complex I10amitochondrial myopathies10aReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)1 aWani, Aijaz, A.1 aRangrez, Ashraf, Y.1 aKumar, Himanshu1 aBapat, Sharmila, A.1 aSuresh, C., G.1 aBarnabas, Shama1 aPatole, Milind, S.1 aShouche, Yogesh  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/analysis-reactive-oxygen-species-and-antioxidant-defenses-complex-i-deficient-patients-002916nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260007300207300001400280490000900294520181400303653002302117653003202140653001402172653002102186653003402207100002702241700002802268700002002296700002502316700002202341700002402363700002602387700002602413700002102439700002902460856011302489       2013                        eng d  a0304-416500aMechanism of action of novel synthetic dodecapeptides against Candida albicans0 aMechanism of action of novel synthetic dodecapeptides against Ca  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcNOV  a5193-52030 v18303 a<p>Background: Three de novo designed low molecular weight cationic peptides (IJ2, IJ3 and IJ4) containing an unnatural amino acid alpha,beta-didehydrophenylalanine (APhe) exhibited potent antifungal activity against fluconazole (FLC) sensitive and resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans as well as non-albi cans and other yeast and filamentous pathogenic fungi. In the present study, their synthesis, susceptibility of different fungi and the mechanism of anti-candidal action have been elucidated. Methods: The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were synthesized by solid-phase method and checked for antifungal activity against different yeasts and fungi by broth microdilution method. Anti-candidal mode of action of the peptides was investigated through detecting membrane permeabilization by confocal microscopy, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation by fluorometry, apoptosis and necrosis by flow cytometry and cell wall damage using Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Results and conclusions: The MIC of the peptides against C. albicans and other yeast and filamentous fungal pathogens ranged between 3.91 and 250 mu M. All three peptides exhibited effect on multiple targets in C. albi cans including disruption of cell wall structures, compromised cell membrane permeability leading to their enhanced entry into the cells, accumulation of ROS and induction of apoptosis. The peptides also showed synergistic effect when used in combination with fluconazole (FLC) and caspofungin (CAS) against C. albi cans. General significance: The study suggests that the AMPs alone or in combination with conventional antifungals hold promise for the control of fungal pathogens, and need to be further explored for treatment of fungal infections. (C) 2013 Elsevier By. All rights reserved.</p>10aAntifungal peptide10aAntimicrobial peptide (AMP)10aApoptosis10aCandida albicans10aReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)1 aMaurya, Indresh, Kumar1 aThota, Chaitanya, Kumar1 aSharma, Jyotsna1 aTupe, Santosh, Genba1 aChaudhary, Preeti1 aSingh, Manoj, Kumar1 aThakur, Indu, Shekhar1 aDeshpande, Mukund, V.1 aPrasad, Rajendra1 aChauhan, Virander, Singh  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/mechanism-action-novel-synthetic-dodecapeptides-against-candida-albicans-0