02139nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260006900212300001200281490000800293520130500301653002001606653001701626653000801643653001101651653000801662100001901670700001301689700002201702700001901724700002101743856012101764 2007 eng d a0925-400500aLow temperature synthesis and NOx sensing properties of nanostructured Al-doped ZnO0 aLow temperature synthesis and NOx sensing properties of nanostru aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcOCT a382-3860 v1263 a

Although ZnO is studied intensively as a sensing material, there are limited reports available on aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) as a NO, sensor. This paper reports selective NO, sensing characteristics of M-doped ZnO synthesized in the form of porous pellets sintered at 350 degrees C. The salient feature of our experimental results is that our sensor can detect small concentrations of NO, at lower operating temperature. It is also observed that as compared to gases such as SOx HCl, LPG, H2S, H-2, ammonia, alcohol and acetone it selectively detects NOx due to Al-doping. The amount of Al in ZnO during synthesis is varied between 1 and 10 wt%. Our sensor senses NO, concentration as low as 20ppm at 100 degrees C with a %response of 11 and a %response of 740 at 300 degrees C for 1 wt% Al. Of all the compositions with Al-doping, I wt% is found to give best results. Sensing experiments carried out at 350 C, however. do not show any significant improvement in the gas sensing properties. The phase contents and lattice parameters were determined by XRD and the average particle size was obtained using Scherrer formula. A probable mechanism for sensing NO, involving oxygen ion adsorption and desorption on the surface of sensor has been suggested. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aaluminum doping10ananomaterial10aNOx10aSensor10aZnO1 aNavale, S., C.1 aRavi, V.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.1 aGosavi, S., W.1 aKulkarni, S., K. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/low-temperature-synthesis-and-nox-sensing-properties-nanostructured-al-doped-zno-001646nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245008000055210006900135260006900204300001200273490000800285520084200293653001401135653001001149653001701159653001101176653001401187100002801201700002401229700001801253700002201271856011101293 2008 eng d a0254-058400aFe-doped SnO(2) nanomaterial: a low temperature hydrogen sulfide gas sensor0 aFedoped SnO2 nanomaterial a low temperature hydrogen sulfide gas aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcJUN a230-2340 v1093 a

The effect of Fe-doping on the surface chemistry and gas-sensing properties of nanocrystalline tin oxide is analyzed. The pristine and Fe-doped SnO(2) are synthesized by the modified Pechini citrate route that produces around 40 and 18 nm sized nanoparticles, respectively. 1 at.% Fe-doped SnO(2) shows significantly high selectivity towards hydrogen sulfide gas with capability to detect even 10 ppm of hydrogen sulfide at room temperature, with change of about one order of magnitude in the resistance within 5-15 s. In comparison, pristine SnO(2) shows negligible response towards H(2)S at room temperature. The ideal response and recovery of Fe-doped SnO(2) at low concentration of gas suggests Fe-doped SnO(2) nanomaterial as a potential low cost, low temperature H(2)S gas sensor. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aFe-doping10aH(2)S10ananomaterial10aSensor10atin oxide1 aVaishampayan, Mukta, V.1 aDeshmukh, Rupah, G.1 aWalke, Pravin1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/fe-doped-sno2-nanomaterial-low-temperature-hydrogen-sulfide-gas-sensor-001865nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006400120260009900184300001400283490000700297520112100304653001301425653001701438653001101455653001201466100002501478700002401503700002201527856009801549 2009 eng d a0272-884200aNanostructured nickel ferrite: a liquid petroleum gas sensor0 aNanostructured nickel ferrite a liquid petroleum gas sensor aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUL a1793-17970 v353 a

The present investigation deals with the synthesis of nanostructured nickel ferrite (NiFe(2)O(4)) and their liquid petroleum gas-sensing characteristics. The 15-20 nm size nickel ferrite has been synthesized at 700 degrees C by a simple molten-salt route using sodium chloride as grain growth inhibitor. These nanoparticles exhibit significantly high response towards liquid petroleum gas (LPG) in comparison with ethanol vapor, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and hydrogen. The gas response towards various gases at their 200 ppm concentrations is investigated at 200-450 degrees C. Different characterization techniques have been employed, such as differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to study the crystallite size, structure and morphology. The results suggest possibility of utilization of the nanostructured nickel ferrite, without addition of any precious metal ion, as the LPG detector. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.

10aFerrites10ananomaterial10aSensor10aSpinels1 aDarshane, Sonali, L.1 aSuryavanshi, S., S.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/nanostructured-nickel-ferrite-liquid-petroleum-gas-sensor-001830nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245009400055210006900149260006900218300001200287490000800299520096700307653001701274653002801291653002001319100002101339700002601360700001801386700001901404700002701423700001801450856012001468 2011 eng d a0254-058400aDegradation of methylene blue via photocatalysis of transition metal-loaded sulfated TiO20 aDegradation of methylene blue via photocatalysis of transition m aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcFEB a807-8120 v1253 a

Transition metal-loaded nanocrystalline SO42-/TiO2 powders were prepared by sol-gel method. Anatase is found as the active phase in all the samples. Sulfation process clearly stabilizes TiO2 catalyst phase against sintering, maintaining anatase phase and relatively high surface area values with respect to pure TiO2. Wide structural and surface characterization of samples was carried out in order to establish a correlation between the effect of sulfation and metal incorporation on the TiO2 photocatalytic properties. The maximum photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue solution was achieved with sulfation of TiO2. In addition, incorporation of metal into the structure of SO42-/TiO2 seems to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the samples, which is ascribed to the enlargement of specific surface area, photogenerated carriers separation, light absorption, as well as the higher surface acidity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10ananomaterial10aPhotocatalytic activity10asol-gel process1 aGambhire, A., B.1 aLande, Machhindra, K.1 aArbad, B., R.1 aRathod, S., B.1 aGholap, Ramkrishna, S.1 aPatil, K., R. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/degradation-methylene-blue-photocatalysis-transition-metal-loaded-sulfated-tio2-002505nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006800124260010200192300001000294490000800304520163300312653001301945653001701958653001901975653001601994653001802010653001802028653002002046100002502066700003302091700003002124856009702154 2015 eng d a0974-362600aRecent developments in solar H-2 generation from water splitting0 aRecent developments in solar H2 generation from water splitting aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN a33-470 v1273 a

Hydrogen production from water and sunlight through photocatalysis could become one of the channels, in the not-so-distant future, to meet a part of ever growing energy demands. However, accomplishing solar water splitting through semiconductor particulate photocatalysis seems to be the `Holy Grail' problem of science. In the present mini-review, some of the critical strategies of semiconductor photocatalysis are focused with the aim of enumerating underlying critical factors such as visible light harvesting, charge carrier separation, conduction and their utilization that determine the quantum efficiency. We attempted to bring out the essential requirements expected in a material for facile water splitting by explaining important and new designs contributed in the last decade. The newly emerged designs in semiconductor architecture employing nanoscience towards meeting the critical factors of facile photocatalysis are elucidated. The importance of band gap engineering is emphasized to utilize potential wide band gap semiconductors. Assistance of metal nanostructures and quantum dots to semiconductors attains vital importance as they are exuberant visible light harvesters and charge carrier amplifiers. Benevolent use of quantum dots in solar water splitting and photoelectrochemical water splitting provides scope to revolutionize the quantum efficiency by its multiple exciton generation features. A list of drawbacks and issues that hamper the much needed breakthrough in photocatalysis of water splitting is provided to invite attention to address them and move towards sustainable water splitting.

10aHydrogen10ananomaterial10aPhotocatalysis10aquantum dot10aSemiconductor10avisible light10awater splitting1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/recent-developments-solar-h-2-generation-water-splitting-002439nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245011000055210006900165260000800234300001400242490000700256520159200263653001501855653001201870653001701882653001601899653001701915653001501932100002101947700001901968700002001987700002102007700002402028856012102052 2023 eng d a1618-954X00aDevelopment of multipurpose biomass-derived adsorbents using Coccinia grandis for removal of contaminants0 aDevelopment of multipurpose biomassderived adsorbents using Cocc cDEC a3393-34050 v253 a

The present study is an attempt to develop newer multipurpose biomass-derived adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment; biomass that are easily available, renewable and most importantly, sustainable. A model adsorbent was developed using Coccinia grandis (CG, Ivy gourd) and further modified by impregnating copper nanoparticles (CG-Cu). The adsorbent characterization was done for evaluating surface morphology, surface area and metal modification. The utility of the newer adsorbents was established for the removal of different contaminants such as dyes (cationic Malachite Green, anionic Congo Red and fluorescent cationic Rhodamine B), Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient pollutant (Ciprofloxacin) and also for the removal of pathogenic bacteria, Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Both CG and CG-Cu bio-nanocomposite were highly effective in removal of different contaminants, 99% dye removal for Malachite Green, with a high adsorption capacity of 49 mg/g, higher than that for commercial activated charcoal whereas for all other dyes, the performance of CG-Cu was similar. The isotherm studies indicated multilayer adsorption, in general. A good adsorption capacity of 10.8 mg/g was also observed for the removal of ciprofloxacin. The combined effect of the bio-nanocomposite, CG-Cu was impressive and 100% disinfection was achieved within 10 min, due to the antimicrobial activity of Cu and oxidation effect of reactive oxygen species enhancing the disinfection.Graphical abstractMultipurpose biomass derived adsorbents using Coccinia grandis for removal of contaminants

10aAdsorption10aBiomass10aDisinfection10adye removal10ananomaterial10aSeparation1 aRaj, Surabhi, S.1 aMane, Maya, B.1 aThanekar, Pooja1 aBalapure, Kshama1 aBhandari, Vinay, M. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/development-multipurpose-biomass-derived-adsorbents-using-coccinia-grandis-removal