02003nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009300055210006900148260007300217300001200290490000800302520123300310653001401543653002201557653001301579653001901592653001701611100001801628700002301646856011601669       2010                        eng d  a0921-510700aEffect of additives on the co-electrodeposition of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solder composition0 aEffect of additives on the coelectrodeposition of SnAgCu leadfre  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAPR  a219-2230 v1683 a<p>We have developed a methane sulfonic acid (MSA) based ternary electrodeposition bath for the deposition of near eutectic Sn-Ag-Cu films aimed at solder bumping applications in electronics. The bath contains thiourea as chelating agent and iso-octyl phenoxy ethanol (OPPE) as surfactant. We added gelatin to this bath and studied its effect on bath stability, microstructure of the deposited films and the film composition. It is found that the bath containing both the additives, viz. OPPE and gelatin, show improved stability up to 8-10 days. Striking improvement in the film microstructure, in terms of the compactness, uniformity and refinement of grains was found when the bath contained these additives. Detailed electrochemical studies with the help of cyclic voltametry and impedance analysis helped in understanding the role played by these additives during deposition. It is confirmed that there is a formation of loosely connected, highly non-uniform passivating film on the cathode surface, which is removed competitively by the depositing metal ions during the deposition. It is also clear that the additives play a role in the formation of such a passivating film. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAdditives10aLead-free solders10aSn-Ag-Cu10aSolder bumping10aTernary bath1 aJoseph, Shany1 aPhatak, Girish, J.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-additives-co-electrodeposition-sn-ag-cu-lead-free-solder-composition-002312nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260005700238300001200295490000700307520138000314653002301694653001501717653000901732653002701741653002301768100002001791700002301811700002401834700001801858700002301876700002301899856012401922       2013                        eng d  a0361-523500aSynthesis of low coercive BaFe12O19 hexaferrite for microwave applications in low-temperature cofired ceramic0 aSynthesis of low coercive BaFe12O19 hexaferrite for microwave ap  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcAPR  a761-7680 v423 a<p>Polycrystalline M-type barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19) samples have been synthesized by solution combustion route at different pH and calcination conditions in order to reduce the coercivity for microwave applications in low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) substrates. Structural, morphological, and magnetic properties of BaFe12O19 were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The formation of a single-phase hexagonal structure was confirmed by XRD. The Raman spectra reveal all characteristic peaks of BaFe12O19, illustrating the phase purity and crystal lattice symmetry of the synthesized material. Mossbauer spectra illustrate the existence of Fe3+ cations at all five crystallographic lattice sites. The microstructural features observed by FESEM disclose the growth of nanoregime particles into hexagonal platelet particles after calcination at temperatures from 800A degrees C to 1200A degrees C. The VSM results show a lower coercivity (1350 Oe to 3500 Oe) together with reasonably high saturation magnetization (55 emu/g to 60 emu/g) and a high bulk resistivity (&gt; 10(9) Omega-cm) at room temperature. The dependence of magnetic and electrical properties on the preparation and processing conditions is also discussed.</p>10aBarium hexaferrite10acoercivity10aLTCC10aMossbauer spectroscopy10aRaman spectroscopy1 aRane, Vivek, A.1 aMeena, Sher, Singh1 aGokhale, Suresh, P.1 aYusuf, S., M.1 aPhatak, Girish, J.1 aDate, Sadgopal, K.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-low-coercive-bafe12o19-hexaferrite-microwave-applications-low-temperature-0