01273nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260011000201300001400311520052900325100002400854700001600878700002100894700002000915700002200935700001700957856010500974 2005 eng d a1359-734500aWet-chemical templateless assembly of metal nanowires from nanoparticles0 aWetchemical templateless assembly of metal nanowires from nanopa aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJAN a1435-14373 a

We describe a new, simple, room-temperature wet-chemical approach for assembling Au and Ag nanoparticles into nanowire networks, without the use of lithographic templates. Five to 35 nm-diameter nanowires passivated with a thin organic layer were synthesized by mechanically agitating a biphasic liquid mixture of an aqueous hydrosol containing the nanoparticles, and toluene. Nanowire structure and surface chemistry are discussed based on electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses.

1 aMaddanimath, Trupti1 aKumar, Anil1 aD'Arcy-Galla, J.1 aGanesan, P., G.1 aVijayamohanan, K.1 aRamanath, G. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/wet-chemical-templateless-assembly-metal-nanowires-nanoparticles-001056nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260011000222300001400332490000700346520035600353100001800709700001800727700001600745856012500761 2012 eng d a1477-052000aWater and a protic ionic liquid acted as refolding additives for chemically denatured enzymes0 aWater and a protic ionic liquid acted as refolding additives for aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUN a7475-74780 v103 a

In this communication, we present the ability of water and a protic ionic liquid, triethyl ammonium phosphate (TEAP) to act as refolding additives for the urea-induced chemical denaturated state of the two enzymes, alpha-chymotrypsin and succinylated Con A. We show that the enzymatic activity is regained and in certain circumstances enhanced.

1 aAttri, Pankaj1 aVenkatesu, P.1 aKumar, Anil uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/water-and-protic-ionic-liquid-acted-refolding-additives-chemically-denatured-enzymes-001723nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210006900134260007100203300001400274490000800288520112200296100001701418700001601435856011401451 2013 eng d a1089-563900aWhy does water accelerate organic reactions under heterogeneous condition?0 aWhy does water accelerate organic reactions under heterogeneous  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcMAR a2446-24540 v1173 a

An exhaustive kinetic analysis has been carried out to offer the convincing evidence of the involvement of the oil water interface in guiding ``on water organic reaction'' mechanism. We have tuned the interface to prove its indispensable efficacy to make on water reaction a unique type among water mediated organic reactions. Sensitive techniques have established the preferential salvation of polarizable ions at the water surface. The experimental methods have been developed to control the molecular structure of oil water interface in situ. Temperature-dependent analyses have also been presented to understand the enthalpic and entropic modifications of the interfacial water molecules during a heterogeneous reaction. Both of our kinetic and thermodynamic outcomes have univocally established that the hydrogen-bonding ability of the surface water molecules plays a critical role in deciding the on water organic reaction mechanism. The results have important implications on understanding the role of small water molecules adjacent to the reactants during the reactions discussed in this investigation.

1 aManna, Arpan1 aKumar, Anil uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/why-does-water-accelerate-organic-reactions-under-heterogeneous-condition-001453nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006700124260006700191300001200258490000700270520059600277653002300873653002500896653000900921653001800930653001500948653002900963653001400992100002101006700001701027700002501044700001601069856010201085 2015 eng d a0894-323000aWater-promoted diels-alder reaction in quaternary ammonium salts0 aWaterpromoted dielsalder reaction in quaternary ammonium salts a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcNOV a665-6730 v283 a

{Prevailing classification of salts based on their effect in solubility and stability of proteins in aqueous solution predicts that tetraalkylammonium salts, guanidinium chloride (GnCl), LiClO4 act as salting-in (S/I) and LiCl, NaCl act as salting-out (S/O) in aqueous conditions. In the same context the behaviour of GnCl, LiClO4 and LiCl are contradictory in polar solvents like ethylene glycol and formamide. In these solvents, expected salt effect shows just opposite nature from their usual expectation. However, in the aqueous solution salts like tetraalkylammonium halide (R4NX

10aDelta G(solvation)10aDiels-Alder reaction10ak(s)10akinetic study10asolubility10atetraalkylammonium salts10aviscosity1 aNagare, Amit, S.1 aManna, Arpan1 aSonawane, Pramod, D.1 aKumar, Anil uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/water-promoted-diels-alder-reaction-quaternary-ammonium-salts-002181nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260000900256300001600265490000700281520155000288100001701838700002501855700001601880856011501896 2019 eng d a1463-907600aWater-assisted stability of carbene: cyclic voltammetric investigation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ionic liquid0 aWaterassisted stability of carbene cyclic voltammetric investiga cNOV  a24126-241310 v213 a

In this work, we report electrochemical studies on imidazolium-based ionic liquids with an objective to explore the possibility of carbene formation in their dilute aqueous solutions. Conventionally, water plays a detrimental role during investigations involving ionic liquids, and this role has been investigated via electrochemical studies in aqueous ionic liquid solutions. There are varying opinions regarding the influence of water on the physicochemical behaviour of ionic liquids that require an in-depth understanding. To eludicate the role of water, we attempted to evaluate the electrochemical performance of ionic liquids in water as a solvent, and the influence of water on ionic liquids was explored through feasibility and stability studies on carbene formed in an aqueous imidazolium-based ionic liquid solution. The electrochemical investigation of an aqueous solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4]) revealed a redox couple. Detailed investigations suggest that reduction of the imidazolium cation occurs at the C2 position, with subsequent formation of carbene. Furthermore, an anodic peak was found to be associated with the oxidation of carbene. The coulometric process associated with the anodic peaks indicated that the two-electron oxidation of carbene occurred. The stability of carbene in water was evaluated through the use of different protic and aprotic solvents. The hydrogen bond-forming ability of carbene with water seems to be responsible for its improved stability in water.

1 aJain, Preeti1 aChaudhari, Vijay, R.1 aKumar, Anil uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/water-assisted-stability-carbene-cyclic-voltammetric-investigation-1-ethyl-3