02093nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260008400223300001200307490000800319520120900327653001301536653001801549653002701567653001901594653002001613653002101633100001701654700003101671700002001702856012901722 2006 eng d a1549-329600aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of chitosan-g-lactic acid and montmorillonite0 aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of chitosanglac aDIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbWILEY-LISScAUG a372-3820 v78A3 a

The utilization of biopolymers and the development of organic-inorganic hybrids are ever increasing interest of material science researchers around the globe for various applications. The present attempt is intended to prepare nanocomposites of lactic acid grafted chitosan and layered silicates. Nanocomposites were prepared by dissolving chitosan and dispersing sodium montmorillonite in aqueous solution of L-lactic acid with subsequent heating and film casting. They were characterized by conventional techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The results from polar optical and transmission electron microscopic measurements are also discussed. Sorption behavior of samples has been followed by measuring swelling degree and contact angle. The films have shown enhanced hydrophilicity when compared with polylactic acid (PLA). Issues on the interactions of polycationic chitosan with clay are also discussed. It is observed that nanocomposites are exhibiting better thermal and physical properties than neat chitosang-LA and PLA. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aChitosan10acontact angle10agraft copolymerization10aNanocomposites10apolylactic acid10awater absorption1 aDepan, Dilip1 aKumar, Annamalai, Pratheep1 aSingh, Raj, Pal uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-characterization-novel-hybrid-chitosan-g-lactic-acid-and-montmorillonite-001974nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245009900055210006900154260008400223300001200307490000700319520114300326653001301469653002701482653001901509653000901528653002101537100001701558700002001575700002001595856012901615 2008 eng d a1552-497300aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of chitosan-g-PDMS and sodium montmorrilonite0 aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of chitosangPDM aDIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbWILEY-LISScJAN a184-1900 v843 a

Preparation and properties of Chitosan (CS)-clay nanocomposites grafted with polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) with different clay ratios are herein discussed. CS is intercalated into sodium montmorrilonite and PDMS is grafted onto CS under UV irradiation. Sample films of CS intercalated into clay and grafted with PDMS were prepared by solvent casting method with varying amount of nanoclay and PDMS. They were characterized by conventional techniques such as X-ray diffractometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, C-13 NMR, thermo gravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis. Sorption behavior of samples has been followed by measuring swelling degree and issues on the interactions of biopolymers with clay are also discussed. The water absorption of composites films reduces with an increase in the amount of incorporated clay. This is due to the barrier formation in the form of cross-linking points, which prevents water permeation into CS. The amount of adsorbed water is more, when the amount of CS exceeds the amount of PDMS. This shows high water retention capacity of CS. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

10aChitosan10agraft copolymerization10aNanocomposites10aPDMS10awater absorption1 aDepan, Dilip1 aKumar, Bijandra1 aSingh, Raj, Pal uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-characterization-novel-hybrid-chitosan-g-pdms-and-sodium-montmorrilonite-002252nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260006800266300001400334490000800348520139100356653003201747653002401779653001301803653002601816653003001842100001701872700002001889856012501909 2010 eng d a0021-899500aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of bio-assisted mineralized Zn-Al layered double hydroxides using chitosan as a template0 aPreparation and characterization of novel hybrid of bioassisted  a111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USAbJOHN WILEY & SONS INCcMAR a3636-36440 v1153 a

The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize a novel nanohybrid prepared from the template-assisted mineralization of Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) onto the surface of Chitosan (CSI), with an emphasis on morphology, biocompatibitity, and its use as an efficient drug carrier agent. The as prepared LDH is highly crystalline, with platelet-like morphology and curved tactoids when nucleated onto the surface of CSI. Our results indicate that the -OH and -NH functional moieties on CSI can direct an ordered structure of LDH, due to the electrostatic interaction between biopolymer and inorganic lamellae. We have been successful to intercalate an anti-inflammatory drug, Sodium Ibuprofen (Ibu), into LDH, through conventional coprecipitation method. LDHs are endowed with great potential for delivery vector because their stacked layers lead to safe reservation of biofunctional molecules or genes, and their ion exchangeability and solubility in acidic media (pH < 4) give rise to the controlled release of drug molecules. According to the cell-growth studies, LDHs are found as cell viable up to the concentration of 500 mu g/mL. This study reveals that LDH not only plays a role of a biocompatible-delivery matrix but also facilitates a significant increase in the delivery efficiency. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 115:3636-3644,2010

10abio-assisted mineralization10acell-growth studies10aChitosan10adrug delivery systems10alayered double hydroxides1 aDepan, Dilip1 aSingh, Raj, Pal uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-characterization-novel-hybrid-bio-assisted-mineralized-zn-al-layered-002292nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245016000055210006900215260009900284300001400383490000700397520126900404653001301673653001301686653001201699653002901711653002701740100002401767700002501791700002201816700001701838700001801855700002601873856012701899 2013 eng d a1359-511300aPhytase isozymes from aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under solid state fermentation: biochemical characterization and their correlation with submerged phytases0 aPhytase isozymes from aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under solid sta aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcNOV a1618-16250 v483 a

Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 produces dissimilar phytase isozymes under solid state and submerged fermentation conditions. Biochemical characterization and applications of phytase Phy III and Phy IV in SSF and their comparison with submerged fermentation Phy I and Phy III were studied. SSF phytases have a higher metabolic potential as compared to SmF. Phy I is tetramer and Phy II, III and IV are monomers. Phy I and IV have pH optima of 2.5 and Phy II and III have pH optima of 5.0 and 5.6, respectively. Phy I, III and IV exhibited very broad substrate specificity while Phy II was more specific for sodium phytate. SSF phytase is less thermostable as compared to SmF phytase. Phy land II show homology with other known phytases while Phy III and IV show no homology with SmF phytases and any other known phytases from the literature suggesting their unique nature. This is the first report about differences among phytase produced under SSF and SmF by A. niger and this study provides basis for explanation of the stability and catalytic differences observed for these enzymes. Exclusive biochemical characteristics and multilevel application of SSF native phytases determine their efficacy and is exceptional. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aA. niger10aIsozymes10aPhytase10aSolid state fermentation10aSubmerged fermentation1 aBhavsar, Kavita, P.1 aBuddhiwant, Priyanka1 aSoni, Sarvesh, K.1 aDepan, Dilip1 aSarkar, Sampa1 aKhire, Jayant, Malhar uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/phytase-isozymes-aspergillus-niger-ncim-563-under-solid-state-fermentation-biochemical-0