02347nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245006200055210006200117260000800179300001200187490000700199520157700206653002301783653001301806653001401819653001701833653001501850100002801865700002401893700003201917700002601949700002201975856009601997 2018 eng d a1944-744200aSolvent degradation studies using hydrodynamic cavitation0 aSolvent degradation studies using hydrodynamic cavitation cJAN a295-3040 v373 a

Hydrodynamic cavitation for the degradation of organic solvents was investigated in detail using a newer form of cavitating device-vortex diode. The results were also compared with that using conventional cavitating device orifice. Removal of three different organic solventsacetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and toluene were studied on a pilot plant with capacity of 1m(3)/h. The effect of different operating parameters such as inlet pressure, initial concentration, and reactor type on the degradation rate of solvent was investigated in detail. The results revealed that efficiency of solvent removal varies substantially with the change in physical operating conditions and nature of the solvent. It was found that up to 80% degradation could be achieved for toluene (cavitational yield 32.2 x 10(-3) mg/J), substantially higher than that for acetone and MEK indicating the effect of molecular weight/structure in the degradation process. Further, the results clearly indicated chemical oxidation as a predominant mechanism for degradation and not physical destruction. Vortex diode that works on the principle of vortex generation for cavitation, was found to be far superior over conventional cavitating device-orifice- approximate to up to eight times higher cavitational yield could be obtained for toluene as compared to orifice. The results of this study provide newer insight into solvent removal using hydrodynamic cavitation and would have bearing on the treatment of solvent containing wastewaters. (C) 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers

10aEffluent treatment10aindustry10apollution10aVortex diode10awastewater1 aSuryawanshi, Pravin, G.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aSorokhaibam, Laxmi, Gayatri1 aRuparelia, Jayesh, P.1 aRanade, Vivek, V. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/solvent-degradation-studies-using-hydrodynamic-cavitation02125nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260000800236300001100244490000700255520135400262653001501616653001701631653001601648653001801664653002001682100001901702700002401721700002201745856012801767 2021 eng d a2214-714400aSafe water and technology initiative for water disinfection: application of natural plant derived materials0 aSafe water and technology initiative for water disinfection appl cOCT a1022800 v433 aSafe drinking water is the necessity of life. The present study reveals use of natural resources such as plant extracts and natural oils for water disinfection. Differences between oil and water soluble additives were highlighted for plant extracts and insoluble natural oils. A hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation process was quite effective in both the cases and high rates of disinfection were achieved. Studies were reported using oils (ginger, turmeric, lavender, tulsi) and rhizome derived plant extracts such as ginger, turmeric and mango ginger, as additives in process intensification (0.1% v/V). A vortex based cavitation device (vortex diode, nominal capacity 1 m3/h) was used with pressure drop of 1 bar. A high disinfection of 96% and 88% was obtained in 15 min for ginger oil and mango ginger extract respectively as compared to 44% using cavitation alone. Acoustic cavitation gave 94% and 30% disinfection with and without additive-mango ginger extract. The FTIR analyses before and after cavitation, with ginger additive, showed no by-products formation and indicated gingerol as active component in disinfection. The per-pass disinfection values were also higher, up to 5 times than cavitation alone. Hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation using natural plant derived materials can offer a promising technology alternative in water disinfection.10aCavitation10aDisinfection10aNatural oil10aPlant extract10aWater treatment1 aMane, Maya, B.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aRanade, Vivek, V. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/safe-water-and-technology-initiative-water-disinfection-application-natural-plant-derived02493nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260000900230300001100239490000800250520173000258653002401988653002802012653001402040653002202054653002502076100002202101700002402123856012802147 2022 eng d a0301-479700aSolvent-assisted cavitation for enhanced removal of organic pollutants - degradation of 4-aminophenol0 aSolventassisted cavitation for enhanced removal of organic pollu cJUN  a1148570 v3113 a

A new approach of solvent-assisted cavitation process was proposed for degradation of organic pollutants. The process envisages the use of suitable solvent as an additive, (1-5% v/V), in the conventional cavitation process to enhance the pollutant removal efficiency. A proof of concept was provided for the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen with significantly improved efficiency using solvent-assisted hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) compared to conventional HC. The efficacy of the process was studied on a pilot plant scale (1 m(3)/h) and using vortex flow based vortex diode as a cavitating device. Degradation studies were carried out using a model pollutant, 4-amino phenol and four different solvents as additives, 1-octanol, cyclohexanol, 1-octane and toluene. Relatively polar solvents were found to increase the efficiency of the pollutant removal (> 65%) and also increase the rates to an extent of more than 200%, compared to only HC. A very high removal of ammoniacal nitrogen, more than 90%, was obtained for solvents 1-octanol and cyclohexanol, indicating the importance of the selection of solvent. Per pass degradation model showed 3 to 4 times increase in the per pass degradation for polar solvents compared to cavitation alone. The results confirm no role of conventional solvent extraction and no specific contamination of wastewater due to the use of solvent as an additive in the process. Further, the cost was 2-3 times lower as compared to the conventional HC. The interesting observations in the proposed process can fuel further research to provide possible improvements in existing methodologies of wastewater treatment, in general, and for removal of ammoniacal nitrogen, in particular.

10aAmmoniacal nitrogen10aHydrodynamic cavitation10aOxidation10aPollution Control10aWastewater treatment1 aPatil, Pravin, B.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/solvent-assisted-cavitation-enhanced-removal-organic-pollutants-degradation-4-aminophenol01909nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245006100055210006100116260000800177300001100185490000800196520119900204653002101403653001601424653001501440653002001455653001901475100001701494700002401511700001901535700002101554856009201575 2022 eng d a1369-703X00aStudies in instant water disinfection using natural oils0 aStudies in instant water disinfection using natural oils cNOV a1086310 v1873 a

The present research reveals an instant and simple process for drinking water treatment by employing specific natural oils having antimicrobial properties to ensure complete elimination of harmful bacteria. The disinfection was studied for two different model bacteria, Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive, S. aureus. Seven natural oils, ajwain, thyme, oregano, peppermint, harsingar, cinnamon leaf and black pepper oil were evaluated and were found to yield 100% water disinfection within 1 min except for harsingar and black pepper oil. The process was also effective for the instant and 100% disinfection of real well water. The methodology for altering zeta potential, to an extent of 130%, for instant disinfection in drinking water treatment helps in selecting natural oils. Molecular docking studies indicated natural oils action as potential inhibitors of bacterial DNA gyrase. The studies indicate one of the lowest operating costs comparable to conventional chlorination. The simple meth-odology not requiring complex equipment has the potential to provide many options for implementations-from portability, household application to large scale water treatment plants.

10aBacteria removal10aNatural oil10aTechnology10aWater treatment10aZeta potential1 aDixit, Divya1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aMane, Maya, B.1 aBalapure, Kshama uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/studies-instant-water-disinfection-using-natural-oils02404nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245017100055210006900226260000800295300001500303490000600318520154500324653001501869653001501884653001801899653001601917653004001933100001701973700002901990700002402019856013102043 2022 eng d a2365-654900aSustainable fabrication of copper nanoparticles: a potent and affordable candidate for water treatment, water disinfection, antioxidant activity and theranostic agent0 aSustainable fabrication of copper nanoparticles a potent and aff cAPR ae2021035520 v73 a

This study reports a simple, green, and large-scale biosynthetic fabrication of spherical copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs), approximate 28 nm, using the aqueous extracts of Diaplazium esulentum (Retz.) Sw. fern. Characterization was carried out for morphology, size, elemental analysis, crystallinity and for identification of functionalities responsible for reduction and stabilization. Extraordinary remediation efficiency was obtained for the developed Cu NPs for the elimination of two industrially important pollutants; Methyl Violet 6B and Methylene Blue (greater than 92 % within 150 mins). A mechanism was postulated for the process using the data on the identification of NPs and also spent NPs apart from degraded products. Furthermore, the Cu NPs revealed excellent antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis, as well as gram negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and potential action against fungal strains; Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Additionally, the assay depicted that Cu NPs has fairly decent radical scavenging activity with IC50 value 2.11 mM. Moreover, the Cu NPs were found to exhibit profound anticancerous activity against two human cancer line cells. The present research work has implications for exploitation of DE fern extract for the development of Cu NPs and their numerous applications ranging from pollutants removal to antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancerous agents.

10aAnticancer10aantifungal10aAntimicrobial10aAntioxidant10aPhotodegradation and Phytosynthesis1 aSinha, Tanur1 aAdhikari, Partha, Pradip1 aBhandari, Vinay, M. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/sustainable-fabrication-copper-nanoparticles-potent-and-affordable-candidate-water-treatment