02239nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260000800265300001400273490000800287520141800295653001801713653001601731653002701747653001601774653001501790100002201805700002301827700002901850856013001879       2024                        eng d  a1011-372X00aNovel sulfonic acid functionalized silica supported isonicotinic acid catalyst for conversion of 2-methylfuran to diesel fuel precursors0 aNovel sulfonic acid functionalized silica supported isonicotinic  cAPR  a1511-15200 v1543 a<p>Polyfuranic compounds produced after carbon up-gradation of 2-methylfuran by acid catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions when undergo hydro-deoxygenation produce diesel fuel. Herein, we prepared a simple and novel silica supported sulfonic acid functionalized isonicotinic acid SO3H-INA@SiO2 catalyst by treating isonicotinic acid with chlorosulphonic acid followed by heterogenization on silica. This heterogeneous solid acid catalyst was explored for the solvent free conversion of 2-methylfuran to diesel fuel precursors of C-15 and C-20 units via tandem ring opening followed by condensation sequence. Under optimized reaction conditions, SO3H-INA@SiO2 was able to convert, 2-methylfuran completely into condensation products such as 5,5-bis(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pentan-2-one (1) and 2,4,4-tris(5-methylfuran-2-yl)pentan-1-ol (2) with 19% and 67% yields, respectively. The heterogeneous SO3H-INA@SiO2 catalyst was successfully recycled up to six consecutive runs without loss of its activity. The SO3H-INA@SiO2 catalyst offered superior activity as compared to the commercially available -SO3H functionalized resins. Superior activity of the prepared catalyst could be attributed for its higher acidity, smaller particle size and high surface area. Structure of the prepared catalyst was confirmed by FTIR and solid state NMR. Total acidity of the prepared catalyst was determined by acid-base titration.</p>
10a2-Methylfuran10aDiesel fuel10aheterogeneous catalyst10aIonic solid10asolid acid1 aTarade, Komal, P.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aRode, Chandrashekhar, V.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-sulfonic-acid-functionalized-silica-supported-isonicotinic-acid-catalyst-conversion-202936nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260000800197300001400205490000700219520198400226653001502210653002102225653002302246653001302269653003002282653000802312653002502320653002102345100001802366700002602384700002202410700002402432700002102456700002402477700002302501856009802524       2025                        eng d  a1083-616000aEfficient continuous catalytic process for production of bisphenol A0 aEfficient continuous catalytic process for production of bisphen  cOCT  a2530-25430 v293 a<p>
	Bisphenol A (BPA) is a versatile chemical compound that is essential for producing durable polycarbonate plastics and strong epoxy resins, which are integral to numerous everyday products. In the present study, BPA was prepared using phenol and acetone using a highly active and reusable ion-exchange resin (IER) Lewatit K1131S as the catalyst. Under optimized conditions, an acetone conversion of 84% and a BPA selectivity of 94% were achieved. The produced BPA was further purified, resulting in a 96% isolated yield with 99.5% purity. The reusability of Lewatit K1131S has been studied, and it was found that it can be reused multiple times without affecting the selectivity for BPA. The kinetics of the reaction was studied using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model; it was found that the reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the apparent activation energy was determined to be 12.7 kJ/mol. A continuous pilot scale process for the production of BPA using a fixed-bed reactor (packed with ion-exchange resin) has been developed. Pilot plant trials were conducted at different flow rates such as 200, 300, and 500 g/h, and a downstream processing methodology using an agitated thin film evaporator (ATFE) was employed for the BPA purification. This resulted in high throughput, producing 99.2% isolated BPA yield with 99.5% HPLC purity. Additionally, the robustness and viability of the catalyst were assessed at a flow rate of 200 g/h, producing 22.5 kg of BPA per kg of catalyst, highlighting its cost-effectiveness, stability, and resistance to deactivation, which shows its suitability for industrial-scale applications. The environmental viability of the process was further evaluated by using the E-factor and Process Mass Intensity (PMI) metrics. The estimated E-factor was 0.3118, while the corresponding PMI was 1.3935. These lower values indicate reduced waste generation, improved material efficiency, and enhanced sustainability of the process.</p>
10abisphenolA10aBPA purification10aContinuous process10aE-factor10aion-exchange resins (IER)10aPMI10aprocess optimization10areactionkinetics1 aDhotre, Kapil1 aPatil, Chetana, Rupak1 aTarade, Komal, P.1 aMarkandeya, Nishant1 aPathak, Abhishek1 aBhongale, Sunil, S.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/efficient-continuous-catalytic-process-production-bisphenol