02392nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260007300230300001200303490000700315520145300322653003101775653002801806653002201834653002201856653002001878100002901898700001801927700001401945700002801959700002601987856012502013       2007                        eng d  a1387-181100aSynthesis and characterization of mesoporous carbon through inexpensive mesoporous silica as template0 aSynthesis and characterization of mesoporous carbon through inex  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJAN  a189-1990 v983 a<p>Mesoporous silica materials have been synthesized through sol-gel reaction using inexpensive sodium silicate as source of silica and low cost hydroxy carboxylic acid compounds as templates/pore forming agents. The material measured surface area of 1014 m(2)/g, pore diameter of 65 angstrom and pore volume of 1.4 cc/g when parameters like time and temperature of synthesis along with mole ratio of TA/SiO(2) were optimized. Here TA stands for tartaric acid. Carbonization of sucrose inside the pores of above silica material at 900 degrees C followed by removal of silica framework using aqueous ethanoic solution of NaOH gave rise to mesoporous carbon material. The resulting materials were characterized by N(2)-sorption, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal analysis and cyclic voltammetry. Three dimensional interconnecting wormhole channel arrangement of mesoporous silica template leads to mesoporous carbon replica with surface area of 1200 m(2)/g. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study (XPS) of the mesoporous carbon material shows the concentration of carbon atom in the range of 97-98% with 1-2% oxygen and negligible amount of silica. The electrochemical double layer capacitance behavior of carbon material with the specific capacitance value of 88.0 F/g at the scan rate of 1 mV/s appears to be promising. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>10aElectrochemical properties10ahydroxy carboxylic acid10amesoporous carbon10aMesoporous silica10asodium silicate1 aKarandikar, Prashant, R.1 aPatil, K., R.1 aMitra, A.1 aKakade, Bhalchandra, A.1 aChandwadkar, Asha, J.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-characterization-mesoporous-carbon-through-inexpensive-mesoporous-silica02012nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260010600242300001400348490000700362520110200369653002301471653003101494653001101525653003101536100002401567700001801591700001801609700002601627856012901653       2012                        eng d  a0025-540800aNovel microwave assisted sol-gel synthesis (MW-SGS) and electrochromic performance of petal like h-WO3 thin films0 aNovel microwave assisted solgel synthesis MWSGS and electrochrom  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a1787-17930 v473 a<p>Use of domestic microwave oven is first time employed for chemical deposition of nanocrystalline hexagonal WO3 (h-WO3) thin films. Low cost precursors like sodium tungstate, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and potassium sulfate signifies cost effectiveness of this thin film fabrication route. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal formation of petal like nanodisks. A number of analytical techniques were used to characterize the WO3 petal like nanodisks, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies revealed 2.89 O/W atomic ratio. The electrical transport studies on WO3 thin films show semiconducting behavior with n-type semiconductivity. The value of determined coloration efficiency is 57.90 cm(2)/C. The mechanism of Li+ intercalation and deinercalation in h-WO3 matrix is proposed for enhanced electrochromism. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectrochemical properties10aOxides10aphotoelectron spectroscopy1 aKharade, Rohini, R.1 aPatil, K., R.1 aPatil, P., S.1 aBhosale, Popatrao, N.  uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-microwave-assisted-sol-gel-synthesis-mw-sgs-and-electrochromic-performance-petal-h-0