01874nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260010400220300002300324520106100347100002601408700002301434700002201457700002501479700002601504700002401530856012601554 2012 eng d a1110-662X00aPhotocatalytic degradation of phenolics by N-doped mesoporous titania under solar radiation0 aPhotocatalytic degradation of phenolics by Ndoped mesoporous tit a410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, \#287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USAbHINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATIONcMAR aArticle No. 7805623 a

In this study, nitrogen-doped mesoporous titania was synthesized by templating method using chitosan. This biopolymer chitosan plays the dual role of acting as a template (which imparts mesoporosity) and precursor for nitrogen. BET-SA, XRD, UV-DRS, SEM, and FTIR were used to characterize the photocatalyst. The doping of nitrogen into TiO2 lattice and its state was substantiated and measured by XPS. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared N-doped mesoporous titania for phenol and o-chlorophenol degradation was investigated under solar and artificial radiation. The rate of photocatalytic degradation was observed to be higher for o-chlorophenol than that of phenol. The photodegradation of o-chlorophenol was 98.62% and 72.2%, while in case of phenol, degradation to the tune of 69.25% and 30.58% was achieved in solar and artificial radiation. The effect of various operating parameters, namely, catalyst loading, pH, initial concentration and the effect of coexisting ions on the rate of photocatalytic degradation were studied in detail.

1 aMangrulkar, Priti, A.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aJoshi, Meenal, M.1 aMeshram, Jyotsna, S.1 aLabhsetwar, Nitin, K.1 aRayalu, Sadhana, S. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/photocatalytic-degradation-phenolics-n-doped-mesoporous-titania-under-solar-radiation-002223nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245013000055210006900185260007100254300001400325490000700339520143400346100002401780700002301804700002701827700002201854700002601876856012701902 2012 eng d a0888-588500aPreparation of pure methyl esters from corresponding alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids using carbon dioxide and methanol0 aPreparation of pure methyl esters from corresponding alkali meta a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcFEB a1498-15050 v513 a

In the present article, for the first time, we report the synthesis of alkyl esters by direct esterification of alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids using carbon dioxide and alcohol. Methyl acetate, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, and methyl lactate have been synthesized by esterification of sodium acetate, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, and calcium lactate, respectively. The esterification reaction was carried out in a batch as well as in a semicontinuous mode of operation. A detailed study on the esterification of calcium lactate using methanol and carbon dioxide was carried out to record the effects of various operating parameters (like CO2 pressure, reaction temperature, moisture content in the calcium lactate, and initial concentrations of calcium lactate) on the esterification reaction. This synthesis route produces highly pure methyl lactate by direct esterification of calcium lactate with calcium carbonate as byproduct. The byproduct calcium carbonate was characterized for its crystallinity, surface area, and pore volume. The process route has the advantage that the synthesized byproduct can be recycled into the fermenter to make corresponding alkali metal lactate or the finely precipitated calcium carbonate can be used for various other applications. Thus, the recovery and recycle of alkali metal is possible providing a pollution free process for synthesis of pure methyl lactate.

1 aBarve, Prashant, P.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aJoshi, Jyeshtharaj, B.1 aGupte, Milind, Y.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-pure-methyl-esters-corresponding-alkali-metal-salts-carboxylic-acids-using-002369nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245022700055210006900282260007100351300001400422490000700436520149300443100002301936700002401959700002701983700001802010700002602028856012102054 2012 eng d a0888-588500aPurification of lactic acid via esterification of lactic acid using a packed column, followed by hydrolysis of methyl lactate using three continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) in series: a continuous pilot plant study0 aPurification of lactic acid via esterification of lactic acid us a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcFEB a1506-15140 v513 a

The world market of lactic acid is growing every year, mainly as a solvent and precursor to poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The cost of renewable biomass-derived PLA will have to compete with other synthetic polymers, if it is to grab a significant and sustainable fraction of the market share. It is thus necessary to have efficient and cost-effective technology for the production of pure-grade lactic acid (LA). In this article, a novel cost-effective, eco-friendly continuous process for the production of high-quality lactic acid at pilot plant scale has been demonstrated. The novelty of this process is that, for the first time, we report and use the concept of inverse reactive distillation for the esterification of crude concentrated LA in a continuous countercurrent packed column mode. This allows us to operate the column at higher temperatures, improving the kinetic rate process and leading to shorter columns. This is followed by the hydrolysis of methyl lactate (MLA) in a series of three continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs), where LA itself acts as a catalyst. The LA obtained in the pilot plant process shows 99.81% purity (by weight) on water-free basis and has an optical purity of 99.9%. The pilot scale experimental results pertaining to the autocatalytic esterification of LA and hydrolysis of MLA have been compared and validated, with respect to simulated results. The innovations reported here can make the process economically viable for commercial use.

1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aBarve, Prashant, P.1 aJoshi, Jyeshtharaj, B.1 aRahman, Imran1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/purification-lactic-acid-esterification-lactic-acid-using-packed-column-followed-001489nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245017700055210006900232260010600301300001200407490000700419520047900426653001800905653002700923653001400950653000900964653002300973100001600996700002301012700002501035700002301060700002201083856013001105 2016 eng d a0040-403900aPd-catalyzed reductive cleavage of N-N bond in dibenzyl-1-alkylhydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylates with PMHS: application to a formal enantioselective synthesis of (R)-sitagliptin0 aPdcatalyzed reductive cleavage of NN bond in dibenzyl1alkylhydra aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcFEB a684-6870 v573 a

An environmentally benign approach involving Pd-catalyzed reductive N-N bond cleavage in dibenzyl-1-alkylhydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylates leading to the synthesis of N-(tert-butoxy)carbamates under very mild conditions has been described. PMHS serves as an inexpensive source of hydride in MeOH/deionized H2O medium. This protocol has been successfully applied in the formal synthesis of (R)-sitagliptin, an anti-diabetic drug. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aanti-Diabetic10aEnvironmentally benign10aHydrazine10aPMHS10aReductive cleavage1 aDey, Soumen1 aGadakh, Sunita, K.1 aAhuja, Brij, Bhushan1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aSudalai, Arumugam uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/pd-catalyzed-reductive-cleavage-n-n-bond-dibenzyl-1-alkylhydrazine-12-dicarboxylates-pmhs-002211nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245016400055210006900219260011000288300001000398490000700408520106800415653003101483653002701514653002501541653003301566653001601599653003501615653001901650653002001669100001801689700002001707700002201727700002601749700002301775856012301798 2016 eng d a0376-471000aPhotocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin center dot HCl using Aeroxide (R) P-25 TiO2 photocatalyst: comparative evaluation of solar and artificial radiation0 aPhotocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin center dot HCl using aDR K S KRISHNAN MARG, PUSA CAMPUS, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIAbNATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIRcJAN a16-220 v553 a

The photocatalytic degradation of ciprofioxacin (CFX) has been investigated using Aeroxide (R) P-25 TiO2 photocatalyst in the presence of solar as well as artificial radiation. The effects of different operating parameters like initial concentration of CFX, catalyst loading, pH of solution and effect of co-existing ions on photocatalytic degradation of CFX have been investigated with a view to establish the optimum operating conditions. It is observed that as the initial concentration of CFX increases, the rate of photocatalytic degradation decreases. Optimum catalyst loading is observed at 1 g L-1 for CFX concentration of 100 mg L-1. Over the pH range 3-11, maximum degradation rate occurs at pH 9. The mechanism and intermediates formed during the photocatalytic degradation of CFX are discussed based on UPLC-MS/MS analysis. From kinetic studies, it is found that the photocatalytic degradation obeys pseudo-first order kinetics. The degradation rate constant using solar radiation is about 1.7 times higher than that under artificial radiation.

10aAdvanced oxidation process10aAeroxide (R) P-25 TiO210aArtificial radiation10aCiprofloxacin center dot HCl10aDegradation10aPharmaceutical micropollutants10aPhotocatalysis10aSolar radiation1 aShetty, Rohit1 aKothari, Gaurav1 aTambe, Amruta, S.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/photocatalytic-degradation-ciprofloxacin-center-dot-hcl-using-aeroxide-r-p-25-tio2-002170nas a2200169 4500008004100000245014400041210006900185260000800254490000700262520148400269100001801753700002201771700003201793700002601825700002301851856012601874 2017 eng d00aPhotocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals pollutants using N-doped TiO 2 photocatalyst: identification of CFX degradation intermediates0 aPhotocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals pollutants using N cFEB0 v593 aThe N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by the sol–gel method and characterized in detail in terms of its morphology, structure and composition. The prepared N-doped TiO2 exhibited polycrystalline structure having particle sizes of around 50–120 nm and rod-shaped geometry. The N-doped TiO2 was subsequently used for the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of pharmaceutical micropollutants, namely ciprofloxacin HCl (CFX), naproxen (NPX) and paracetamol (PARA) and it was found that the rate of degradation of CFX and NPX is higher than that of PARA. To verify the beneficial effect of N-doped TiO2 for PCD of CFX, similar experiments were carried out using commercially available Aeroxide P-25 TiO2. It was observed that N-doped TiO2 was more efficient than Aeroxide® P-25 TiO2. It was also found that the PCD of CFX in the presence of N-doped TiO2 was highly efficient under the solar radiation as compared with artificial radiation. The effect of various operating parameters, such as adsorption of CFX, pH of the aqueous solution, effect of co-existing ions on PCD of CFX, was investigated using artificial radiation and optimum conditions were established. The intermediates formed during the PCD of CFX were identified using liquid chromatography tandem mass chromatography (LC-MS/MS). The presented results demonstrate that N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst shows excellent photocatalytic activity in the visible region for the degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants.1 aShetty, Rohit1 aChavan, Vilas, B.1 aKulkarni, Prashant, Shripad1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/photocatalytic-degradation-pharmaceuticals-pollutants-using-n-doped-tio-2-photocatalyst02067nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001500041245015200056210006900208260000800277300001200285490000800297520128200305100002501587700002801612700002301640700002601663700002401689700002301713856012501736 2018 eng d a 0959-652600a Process intensification strategies for enhanced holocellulose solubilization: Beneficiation of pineapple peel waste for cleaner butanol production0 aProcess intensification strategies for enhanced holocellulose so cOCT a937-9470 v1993 aBiorefinery sector has become a serious dispute for cleaner and sustainable development in recent years. In the present study, pretreatment of pineapple peel waste was carried out in high pressure reactor using various pretreatment-enhancers. The type and concentration effect of each enhancer on hemicellulose solubilization was systematically investigated. The binary acid (phenol + sulfuric acid) at 180 degrees C was found to be superior amongst other studied enhancers, giving 81.17% (w/v) hemicellulose solubilization in liquid-fraction under optimized conditions. Solid residue thus obtained was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis that resulted into 24.50% (w/v) cellulose breakdown. Treated solid residue was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to elucidate structural changes. The pooled fractions (acid treated and enzymatically hydrolyzed) were fermented using Clostridium acetobutylicum NRRL B 527 which resulted in butanol production of 5.18 g/L with yield of 0.13 g butanol/g sugar consumed. Therefore, pretreatment of pineapple peel waste evaluated in this study can be considered as milestone in utilization of low cost feedstock, for bioenergy production. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.1 aKhedkar, Manisha, A.1 aNimbalkar, Pranhita, R.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aGaikwad, Shashank, G.1 aChavan, Prakash, V.1 aBankar, Sandip, B. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/process-intensification-strategies-enhanced-holocellulose-solubilization-beneficiation01926nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245011600055210006900171260000800240300001600248490000700264520115800271100002101429700002101450700002101471700001801492700002301510700002501533700001901558856013101577 2019 eng d a0888-588500aPreparation and activity of copper-gallium nanocomposite catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol0 aPreparation and activity of coppergallium nanocomposite catalyst cNOV a21331-213400 v583 a

Copper (Cu) nanocomposite catalysts with gallium (Ga) and aluminum (Al) were prepared using the simultaneous coprecipitation digestion method. The catalysts were characterized by N-2 adsorption, N2O titration, XRD (X-ray diffraction), H-2-TPR (H-2 temperature-programmed reduction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), and CO2-TPD (CO2 temperature-programmed desorption) techniques, and CO2 hydrogenation to methanol synthesis was performed. The use of Ga in Cu catalysts enhanced the weak basic sites more than the Cu catalysts with Al. With the CuGa nanocomposite formation, the catalyst showed a sequential reduction of CuO, for example, Cu+2 to Cu+ to Cu-0, and the Cu surface area was also high in comparison with CuAl. These findings confirmed that both the Cu surface area and CuO reducibility in the catalyst helped to boost the conversion of CO2, whereas selectivity to methanol was associated with the basicity of the catalyst. CuAl catalysts showed very poor selectivity to methanol despite CO formation, which could be due to the weak interaction of the CuAl nanocomposite catalysts compared to the CuGa nanocomposite catalysts.

1 aHengne, Amol, M.1 aYuan, Ding, Jier1 aDate, Nandan, S.1 aSaih, Youssef1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aRode, Chandrashekhar1 aHuang, Kuo-Wei uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-and-activity-copper-gallium-nanocomposite-catalysts-carbon-dioxide-hydrogenation01234nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260000800227300001400235490000700249520043000256653002600686653002000712653003000732653002500762100002600787700002000813700002300833700002200856856012600878 2020 eng d a0376-469900aP2O5-mediated Friedel-Crafts acylation of activated arenes with carboxylic acid as acylating agent0 aP2O5mediated FriedelCrafts acylation of activated arenes with ca cDEC a1861-18670 v593 a

P2O5 has been found to be a highly efficient and environmental friendly catalyst for the liquid-phase acylation of activated aromatic substrates giving aromatic ketones (45-93%) in a regioselective manner. Both aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids can be employed as acylating source. The process is particularly demonstrated at 100 g scale in the case of anisole and acetic acid to produce 4-methoxyacetophenone.

10a4-methoxyacetophenone10aCarboxylic acid10aFriedel-Crafts acylations10aphosphorus pentoxide1 aKalshetti, Rupali, G.1 aMandle, Ram, D.1 aKamble, Sanjay, P.1 aSudalai, Arumugam uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/p2o5-mediated-friedel-crafts-acylation-activated-arenes-carboxylic-acid-acylating-agent