01187nas a2200133 4500008004100000245005800041210005700099260000800156300001200164520074000176100002300916700002600939856008800965 2020 eng d00aChapter 9. continuous flow synthesis of nanomaterials0 aChapter 9 continuous flow synthesis of nanomaterials bRSC a316-3393 a

Continuous flow synthesis of nanoparticles is now a well-accepted and reliable synthesis approach that gives consistent product properties. This chapter aims to do a critical analysis of the recent work in some of the relevant areas and gives specific recommendations where flow synthesis of nanomaterials can be realized as a reliable manufacturing process. The chapter also highlights the typical engineering issues that one needs to consider while transforming a batch synthesis protocol into continuous mode and its scale-up.

1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.1 aJundale, Rajashri, B. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/chapter-9-continuous-flow-synthesis-nanomaterials01735nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260000800232300001100240490000800251520094200259653001701201653001501218653001301233653002101246653001301267653001901280100001901299700002601318700002401344856012501368 2020 eng d a1385-894700aUnderstanding the role of solvent properties on reaction kinetics for synthesis of silica nanoparticles0 aUnderstanding the role of solvent properties on reaction kinetic cOCT a1254270 v3983 a

The effect of various alcoholic solvents and their compositions on the size of silica particles synthesized through hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) is studied. The alcohols used are: Methanol, ethanol, propanol, i-propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol and do-decanol. Ethanol was used as a co-solvent with the higher molecular weight alcohols. Silica particles of size between 100 nm and 2 mu m were obtained by changing solvent composition. Concentrations of total soluble silica and silicic acid were measured and used for exploring the kinetics of hydrolysis and condensation reactions. Polarity, steric hindrance and viscosity of solvent were found to have a strong influence on the rate constants and size of silica nanoparticles. An attempt is made to correlate both final particle size and rate constants with dielectric constant, Wiener index and viscosity of the solvent.

10acondensation10aHydrolysis10akinetics10asilica particles10aSolvents10aStober process1 aBari, Atul, H.1 aJundale, Rajashri, B.1 aKulkarni, Amol., A. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/understanding-role-solvent-properties-reaction-kinetics-synthesis-silica-nanoparticles02034nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245008600055210006900141260000800210300001400218490000700232520145200239100002601691700001901717700002301736856010501759 2023 eng d a0743-746300aInsights into the synthesis and kinetics of silver-on-silica core-shell particles0 aInsights into the synthesis and kinetics of silveronsilica cores cJUL a9681-96920 v393 a

In this study, a heterogeneous nucleation and growthmodel hasbeen developed to explore the formation mechanism of silver-depositedsilica core-shell particles based on the reaction kinetics.To validate the core-shell model, the time-dependent experimentaldata were quantitatively examined and in situ reduction,nucleation, and growth rates were estimated by optimizing the concentrationprofiles of reactants and deposited silver particles. Using this model,we also attempted to predict the change in the surface area and diameterof core-shell particles. The concentration of the reducingagent, metal precursor, and reaction temperature were found to havea strong influence on the rate constants and morphology of core-shellparticles. Higher rates of nucleation and growth often produced thick,asymmetric patches that covered the entire surface, whereas lowerrates produced sparsely deposited silver particles with a sphericalshape. The result revealed that by simply tuning the process parametersand controlling the relative rates, the morphology of deposited silverparticles and the surface coverage can be controlled while retainingthe spherical shape of the core. The present study aims to offer comprehensivedata pertaining to the nucleation, growth, and coalescence processesof core-shell nanostructures which will aid in the developmentand understanding of the principles that govern the formation of nanoparticle-coatedmaterials.

1 aJundale, Rajashri, B.1 aBari, Atul, H.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/insights-synthesis-and-kinetics-silver-silica-core-shell-particles