01376nas a2200217 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245007100077210006600148260009900214300001400313490000800327520064200335100002000977700001700997700001001014700001201024700001201036700001101048856009901059 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aCe-Al-MCM-41: an efficient catalyst for Mukaiyama-Michael reaction0 aCeAlMCM41 an efficient catalyst for MukaiyamaMichael reaction aSara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, NetherlandsbElsevier Science BVcAUG a1161-11660 v1703 a

The activity of cerium containing Al-MCM-41 mesoporous materials has been studied for carbon-carbon bond formation reaction like Mukaiyama-Michael reaction under mild liquid phase conditions. The catalysts were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 383 K for 24-36 h in Teflon-lined autoclave and characterized thoroughly by XRD, UV-VIS, TEM, EPR, XPS, (27)Al NMR, NH(3)-TPD, pyridine-IR and AAS in order to obtain well-ordered M41S type materials. The Mukiayama-Michael reactions between silyl enol ether and alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones give Michael product in very good yields (100% selectivity). The catalysts were reusable.

1 aKalita, Pranjal1 aKumar, Rajiv1 aXu, R1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J1 aYan, W uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/ce-al-mcm-41-efficient-catalyst-mukaiyama-michael-reaction-001491nas a2200217 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245011200077210006900189260009900258300001400357490000800371520069100379100001701070700001801087700001001105700001201115700001201127700001101139856012301150 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aChemoselective alkane oxidations by reactive superoxovanadium(V) species in vanadosilicate molecular sieves0 aChemoselective alkane oxidations by reactive superoxovanadiumV s aSara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, NetherlandsbElsevier Science BVcAUG a1205-12120 v1703 a

Unlike their titanium analogs, vanadosilicate molecular sieves catalyze the oxidation of the terminal (primary) C-H bonds in paraffins. This dissimilarity is attributed to differences in the type of reactive superoxo species generated on contact with oxidant. The latter were identified and characterized by in situ EPR and DRUV-vis spectroscopic techniques. By a suitable choice of silicate structure (VS-1 or V-MCM-41), solvent and oxidant (H(2)O(2), tert.-butyl hydroperoxide or H(2)+O2()), the V-O bond covalency and mode of O-O bond cleavage in the oxo-species and thereby, the chemoselectivity in the oxidation of the terminal carbon atoms in paraffins could be controlled.

1 aSrinivas, D.1 aRatnasamy, P.1 aXu, R1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J1 aYan, W uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/chemoselective-alkane-oxidations-reactive-superoxovanadiumv-species-vanadosilicate-001808nas a2200241 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245014400077210006900221260009900290300001400389490000800403520090400411100001601315700002401331700001901355700001801374700001001392700001201402700001201414700001101426856012901437 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aEthane bridged hybrid mesoporous silsesquioxanes with sulfonic acid functionalities: synthesis, characterization and catalytic applications0 aEthane bridged hybrid mesoporous silsesquioxanes with sulfonic a aSara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, NetherlandsbElsevier Science BVcAUG a1899-19040 v1703 a

Periodic mesoporous organosilicas having -CH(2)-CH(2)- groups in the framewall positions and sulfonic acid groups in the pore channels were prepared using 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl) ethane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and cetyltrimethylammonium surfactant, under basic conditions, by a one-pot synthesis method. XRD, N(2) sorption isotherm and TEM analysis revealed that the mesoporous structural ordering is retained after the functionalization of organic groups while solid-state NMR techniques like (13)C CP MAS NMR and (29)Si MAS NMR show the presence of sulfonic acid groups and the stability of the mesoporous framework with integrated ethane moieties as bridging groups. The hybrid material was more active, selective and stable than the conventional sulfonic acid containing mesoporous catalysts in the Claisen-Schmidt condensation of acetophenone with benzaldehyde to form chalcone.

1 aShylesh, S.1 aSamuel, Prinson, P.1 aParischa, Renu1 aSingh, A., P.1 aXu, R1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J1 aYan, W uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/ethane-bridged-hybrid-mesoporous-silsesquioxanes-sulfonic-acid-functionalities-synthesis-001733nas a2200241 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245006700077210006600144260009900210300001400309490000800323520094300331100001801274700001601292700002101308700002001329700001001349700001201359700001201371700001101383856009701394 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aImmobilization of Ntn hydrolases on APTES fuctionalized SBA-150 aImmobilization of Ntn hydrolases on APTES fuctionalized SBA15 aSara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, NetherlandsbElsevier Science BVcAUG a1891-18980 v1703 a

APTES Functionalized mesoporous silica SBA-15 molecular sieves have been prepared and used for immobilization of Penicillin G acylase. Physico chemical characterization was done by nitrogen adsorption, powder XRD and TEM methods to understand the nature of immobilized PGA enzyme. XRD data indicate a good mesoscopic order. The characteristic hexagonal features of SBA-15 were maintained in PGA immobilized SBA-15 samples. Incorporation of PGA does not affect the original pore structure of the parent SBA-15. The adsorption of PGA on SBA-15 from buffered solutions with a pH value, 7.8 has been studied as a model protein adsorption system. The maximum activity of the immobilized enzyme was observed at pH 7.8, slightly below the isoelectric point of the enzyme. The loading capacity of immobilized PGA is 34 mg protein per 0.5 g of SBA-15. The stability of Penicillin G acylase was enhanced by the physical entrapment in SBA-15.

1 aShah, Pallavi1 aSridevi, N.1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aRamaswamy, Veda1 aXu, R1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J1 aYan, W uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/immobilization-ntn-hydrolases-aptes-fuctionalized-sba-15-001595nas a2200157 4500008004100000245006200041210006200103260000800165300002300173490000700196520109300203100001301296700002101309700002101330856008601351 2007 eng d00aLubrication effects on the flow of wet granular materials0 aLubrication effects on the flow of wet granular materials cAPR aArticle No. 0313020 v763 a

We investigate the dynamics of a partially saturated grain-liquid mixture with a rotating drum apparatus. The drum is partially filled with the mixture and then rotated about its horizontal axis. We focus on the continuous avalanching regime and measure the impact of the volume fraction and viscosity of the liquid on the dynamic surface angle. The inclination angle of the surface is observed to increase sharply to a peak and then decrease as a function of liquid volume fraction. The height of the peak is observed to increase with rotation rate. For higher liquid volume fractions, the inclination angle of the surface can decrease with viscosity before increasing. The viscosity where the minimum occurs decreases with the rotation rate of the drum. Limited measurements of the flow depth were made, and these were observed to show only fractional changes with volume fraction and rotation speeds. We show that the qualitative features of our observations can be understood by analyzing the effect of lubrication forces on the time scale over which particles come in contact.

1 aXu, Qing1 aOrpe, Ashish, V.1 aKudrolli, Arshad uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/lubrication-effects-flow-wet-granular-materials02182nas a2200241 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245011400077210006900191260005500260300001200315490000800327520135800335100002001693700002201713700001801735700001401753700001001767700001201777700001201789700001101801856012801812 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aSynthesis and characterization of value added catalysts zeolite beta using environmentally detrimental flyash0 aSynthesis and characterization of value added catalysts zeolite  aBeijing, Peoples R ChinabElsevier Science BVcAUG a438-4430 v1703 a

Fly ash is a major byproduct of Thermal power plant, which makes a lot of pollution to the environment due to its fineness. When a large amount of fly ash is dumped in the places near to power plants, it mixes in all segment of environment like water, air as well as soil. Though it can be utilized for different useful purposes, due to the lack of technical knowledge about how and proper motivation, no progress has been made in its utilization. It has been demonstrated that the fly ash can be used for making a value added catalyst zeolite beta by using simple and low cost process. In the present paper it is demonstrated that the fly ash can be used as a source of silica and alumina in the synthesis of value added catalyst zeolite beta. Moreover, the influence of different silica sources such as tetraethylortho silicate, silica sol and fumed silica on the physiochemical characteristics of well crystallized zeolite beta was also studied. The detailed characterization was carried out by using powder XRD, (27)Al and (29)Si MAS NMR, chemical analysis and low temperature nitrogen adsorption. Based on the data obtained from various systems containing different silica source, fumed silica is found to be most efficient source materials and showed superiority in the uniformity of aluminum distribution and possesses higher surface area.

1 aKasture, M., W.1 aBokade, Vijay, V.1 aJoshi, P., N.1 aKumar, R.1 aXu, R1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J1 aYan, W uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-and-characterization-value-added-catalysts-zeolite-beta-using-environmentally-001599nas a2200205 4500008004100000020002200041022001400063245010500077210006900182260009900251300001400350490000800364520082200372100002801194700001101222700001201233700001301245700001201258856012301270 2007 eng d a978-0-444-53068-4 a0167-299100aTungstophosphoric acid and zirconia supported on mesoporous silica catalyst in veratrole acetylation0 aTungstophosphoric acid and zirconia supported on mesoporous sili aSara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, NetherlandsbElsevier Science BVcAUG a1325-13300 v1703 a

Tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) over zirconia dispersed uniformly in mesoporous silica (MS) channels of MCM-41 and MCM-48 was synthesised and tested for its catalytic activity in veratrole acetylation. Catalysts with different TPA loadings (5 to 50 wt.%) on 22.4 wt.% ZrO(2)/MCM-41 and 15 wt.% TPA on different zirconia loadings (10-70 wt.%)/MCM-41 were prepared and calcined at 1123 K. Catalysts were characterised by known techniques. Mesoporous silica supports play an important role in stabilising catalytically active TPA along with tetragonal phase of zirconia. Among the catalysts, 15 wt.% TPA/22.4 wt.% ZrO(2)/MCM-41 calcined at 1123 K was found to have the highest acidity and be at least four times more active than neat 15 wt.% TPA/ZrO(2) in veratrole acetylation to acetoveratrone by acetic anhydride.

1 aHalligudi, Shivaraj, B.1 aXu, R.1 aGao, Z.1 aChen, J.1 aYan, W. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/tungstophosphoric-acid-and-zirconia-supported-mesoporous-silica-catalyst-veratrole-002071nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245012100055210006900176260007300245300001200318490000800330520118300338653001801521653002101539653001501560653000901575100002101584700002001605700002501625700002101650700003301671856012501704 2008 eng d a0304-885300aEnhanced shape anisotropy and magneto-optical birefringence by high energy ball milling in NixFe1-xFe2O4 ferrofluids0 aEnhanced shape anisotropy and magnetooptical birefringence by hi aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAR a815-8200 v3203 a

Ferrofluids belonging to the series NixFe1-xFe2O4 were synthesised by two different procedures-one by standard co-precipitation techniques, the other by co-precipitation for synthesis of particles and dispersion aided by high-energy ball milling with a view to understand the effect of strain and size anisotropy on the magneto-optical properties of ferrofluids. The birefringence measurements were carried out using a standard ellipsometer. The birefringence signal obtained for chemically synthesised samples was satisfactorily fitted to the standard second Langevin function. The ball-milled ferrofluids showed a deviation and their birefringence was enhanced by an order. This large enhancement in the birefringence value cannot be attributed to the increase in grain size of the samples, considering that the grain sizes of sample synthesised by both modes are comparable; instead, it can be attributed to the lattice strain-induced shape anisotropy(oblation) arising from the high-energy ball-milling process. Thus magnetic-optical (MO) signals can be tuned by ball-milling process, which can find potential applications. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10abirefringence10aCo-precipitation10aferrofluid10aHEBM1 aNair, Swapna, S.1 aXavier, Francis1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aKulkarni, S., D.1 aAnantharaman, Maliemadom, R. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-shape-anisotropy-and-magneto-optical-birefringence-high-energy-ball-milling-000780nas a2200253 4500008004100000245005900041210005900100260000800159300001400167490000600181100002200187700001700209700001700226700001600243700002100259700002700280700002100307700001600328700002800344700002300372700001900395700002500414856008700439 2009 eng d00aFunctional delivery of siRNA in mice using dendriworms0 aFunctional delivery of siRNA in mice using dendriworms cSEP a2495-25040 v31 aAgrawal, Amit, C.1 aMin, Dal-Hee1 aSingh, Neetu1 aZhu, Haihao1 aBirjiniuk, Alona1 avon Maltzahn, Geoffrey1 aHarris, Todd, J.1 aXing, Deyin1 aWoolfenden, Stephen, D.1 aSharp, Phillip, A.1 aCharest, Alain1 aBhatia, Sangeeta, N. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/functional-delivery-sirna-mice-using-dendriworms02440nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245009400055210006900149260009900218300001400317490000700331520167100338653001902009653001902028653001702047100001202064700002102076700002002097856011702117 2011 eng d a0032-386100aInfluence of carbon-based nanofillers on the melt flow singularity of linear polyethylene0 aInfluence of carbonbased nanofillers on the melt flow singularit aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJUN a3163-31740 v523 a

A quantitative power law relationship between molecular weight and flow criticalities is uncovered that links stick-slip theory with the melt flow singularity observed during capillary flow. The singularity arises from decrease in pressure during melt flow of linear polyethylene through capillary die in a narrow temperature window. The molecular origin of the window effect is attributed to slip flow arising from disengagement of chains adsorbed to melt-wall interface from free chains in melt. Considering the similar molecular configuration of the linear polyethylene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the stretched chain conformation of the adsorbed chains in the presence of CNTs is influenced. The potential to broaden the window temperature interval in the presence of CNTs is explored. For the study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are added in the linear polyethylene. The influence of the filler aspect ratio on the window effect is further investigated in the presence of carbon black (CBs). The presence of MWCNTs broadens the window temperature interval and increases the decrease in pressure. Contrary to MWCNTs in the presence of CBs the extrusion window narrows and reduction in the pressure-decrease occurs. It is also found that the two carbon nanofillers have a significant impact on flow-induced solidification. Both, the crystallisation rate and the onset temperature of crystallisation, increase with the loading of the two nanofillers. A closer comparison between the two carbon nanofillers at the same loading suggests that the crystallisation is more influenced in MWCNT-PE composites. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aCapillary flow10aCarbon fillers10aPolyethylene1 aXu, Han1 aLele, Ashish, K.1 aRastogi, Sanjay uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/influence-carbon-based-nanofillers-melt-flow-singularity-linear-polyethylene-001375nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260007700251300001400328490000700342520039900349653001800748653002000766653001500786653001800801653001600819100002100835700001200856700001800868700001600886700001800902700002500920700002100945856013100966 2013 eng d a0947-653900aHydrophobic and hydrophilic balance and its effect on mesophase behaviour in hydroxyalkyl ethers of methyl glucopyranoside0 aHydrophobic and hydrophilic balance and its effect on mesophase  aBOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcAPR a5041-50490 v193 a

Four series of monosubstituted methyl -D-glucopyranoside hydroxyalkyl ethers were prepared and their thermotropic and lyotropic self-organising properties were investigated in terms of the hydrophobichydrophilic balance with respect to their molecular structures. The results obtained lead us to a new understanding of the forces that drive the formation of condensed soft-matter phases.

10acarbohydrates10aliquid crystals10amesophases10aSelf-assembly10asoft matter1 aSingh, Madan, K.1 aXu, Rui1 aMoebs, Sylvie1 aKumar, Anil1 aQueneau, Yves1 aCowling, Stephen, J.1 aGoodby, John, W. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrophobic-and-hydrophilic-balance-and-its-effect-mesophase-behaviour-hydroxyalkyl-ethers-002710nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245014600055210006900201260007100270300001200341490000600353520162200359653005601981653002102037653001302058653002702071653003502098100001602133700002402149700001402173700001502187700001602202700002402218700003002242700002302272856012502295 2014 eng d a1936-085100aSequential electrochemical unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotubes to graphene ribbons revealed by in situ Raman spectroscopy and imaging0 aSequential electrochemical unzipping of singlewalled carbon nano a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJAN a234-2420 v83 a

We report an in situ Raman spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of the electrochemical unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Observations of the radial breathing modes (RBMs) using Raman spectral mapping reveal that metallic SWNTs are opened up rapidly followed by gradual unzipping of semiconducting SWNTs. Consideration of the resonant Raman scattering theory suggests that two metallic SWNTs with chiralities (10,4) and (12, 0) get unzipped first at a lower electrode potential (036 V) followed by the gradual unzipping of another two metallic tubes, (9, 3) and (10, 1), at a relatively higher potential (1.16 V). The semiconducting SWNTs with chiralities (11, 7) and (12, 5), however, get open up gradually at +/- 1.66 V. A rapid decrease followed by a subsequent gradual decrease in the metallicity of the SWNT ensemble as revealed from a remarkable variation of the peak width of the G band complies well with the variations of RBM. Cyclic voltammetry also gives direct evidence for unzipping in terms of improved capacitance after oxidation followed by more important removal of oxygen functionalities during the reduction step, as reflected in subtle changes of the morphology confirming the formation of graphene nanoribbons. The density functional-based tight binding calculations show additional dependence of chirality and diameter of nanotubes on the epoxide binding energies, which is in agreement with the Raman spectroscopic results and suggests a possible mechanism of unzipping determined by combined effects of the structural characteristics of SWNTs and applied field.

10adensity functional-based tight binding calculations10aElectrochemistry10agraphene10aRaman spectral mapping10asingle-walled carbon nanotubes1 aJohn, Robin1 aShinde, Dhanraj, B.1 aLiu, Lili1 aDing, Feng1 aXu, Zhiping1 aVijayan, Cherianath1 aPillai, Vijayamohanan, K.1 aPradeep, Thalappil uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/sequential-electrochemical-unzipping-single-walled-carbon-nanotubes-graphene-ribbons-002705nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001500041245011400056210006900170260000800239300001200247490000700259520181200266100001902078700002602097700001902123700002402142700002102166700002002187700001402207700002302221700002002244700002002264700002802284856012702312 2018 eng d a 0020-751900a Glycolysis is important for optimal asexual growth and formation of mature tissue cysts by Toxoplasma gondii0 aGlycolysis is important for optimal asexual growth and formation cOCT a955-9680 v483 aToxoplasma gondii can grow and replicate using either glucose or glutamine as the major carbon source. Here, we have studied the essentiality of glycolysis in the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages of T. gondii, using transgenic parasites that lack a functional hexokinase gene (Delta hk) in RH (Type-1) and Prugniaud (Type-II) strain parasites. Tachyzoite stage 411k parasites exhibit a fitness defect similar to that reported previously for the major glucose transporter mutant, and remain virulent in mice. However, although Prugniaud strain Delta hk tachyzoites were capable of transforming into bradyzoites in vitro, they were severely compromised in their ability to make mature bradyzoite cysts in the brain tissue of mice. Isotopic labelling studies reveal that glucose-deprived tacyzoites utilise glutamine to replenish glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway intermediates via gluconeogenesis. Interestingly, while glutaminedeprived intracellular Delta hk tachyzoites continued to replicate, extracellular parasites were unable to efficiently invade host cells. Further, studies on mutant tachyzoites lacking a functional phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Delta pepck1) revealed that glutaminolysis is the sole source of gluconeogenic flux in glucose-deprived parasites. In addition, glutaminolysis is essential for sustaining oxidative phosphorylation in zihk parasites, while wild type (wt) and Delta pepck1 parasites can obtain ATP from either glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation. This study provides insights into the role of nutrient metabolism during asexual propagation and development of T. gondii, and validates the versatile nature of central carbon and energy metabolism in this parasite. (C) 2018 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.1 aShukla, Anurag1 aOlszewski, Kellen, L.1 aLlinas, Manuel1 aRommereim, Leah, M.1 aFox, Barbara, A.1 aBzik, David, J.1 aXia, Dong1 aWastling, Jonathan1 aBeiting, Daniel1 aRoos, David, S.1 aShanmugam, Dhanasekaran uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/glycolysis-important-optimal-asexual-growth-and-formation-mature-tissue-cysts-toxoplasma02578nas a2200373 4500008004100000022001400041245014800055210006900203260000800272300000700280490000600287520135500293100001401648700001801662700001601680700002001696700001901716700003101735700002401766700002301790700002401813700002201837700002001859700002001879700002101899700002101920700002801941700001901969700002201988700002602010700002302036700002202059856012302081 2018 eng d a2047-753800aRepeated photoporation with graphene quantum dots enables homogeneous labeling of live cells with extrinsic markers for fluorescence microscopy0 aRepeated photoporation with graphene quantum dots enables homoge cAUG a470 v73 a

In the replacement of genetic probes, there is increasing interest in labeling living cells with high-quality extrinsic labels, which avoid over-expression artifacts and are available in a wide spectral range. This calls for a broadly applicable technology that can deliver such labels unambiguously to the cytosol of living cells. Here, we demonstrate that nanoparticle-sensitized photoporation can be used to this end as an emerging intracellular delivery technique. We replace the traditionally used gold nanoparticles with graphene nanoparticles as photothermal sensitizers to permeabilize the cell membrane upon laser irradiation. We demonstrate that the enhanced thermal stability of graphene quantum dots allows the formation of multiple vapor nanobubbles upon irradiation with short laser pulses, allowing the delivery of a variety of extrinsic cell labels efficiently and homogeneously into live cells. We demonstrate high-quality time-lapse imaging with confocal, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF), and Airyscan super-resolution microscopy. As the entire procedure is readily compatible with fluorescence (super resolution) microscopy, photoporation with graphene quantum dots has the potential to become the long-awaited generic platform for controlled intracellular delivery of fluorescent labels for live-cell imaging.

1 aLiu, Jing1 aXiong, Ranhua1 aBrans, Toon1 aLippens, Saskia1 aParthoens, Eef1 aZanacchi, Francesca, Cella1 aMagrassi, Raffaella1 aSingh, Santosh, K.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aSzunerits, Sabine1 aBove, Hannelore1 aAmeloot, Marcel1 aFraire, Juan, C.1 aTeirlinck, Eline1 aSamal, Sangram, Keshari1 aDe Rycke, Riet1 aHouthaeve, Gaelle1 aDe Smedt, Stefaan, C.1 aBoukherroub, Rabah1 aBraeckmans, Kevin uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/repeated-photoporation-graphene-quantum-dots-enables-homogeneous-labeling-live-cells02205nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245011300055210006900168260000800237300001400245490000700259520151000266100001701776700002201793700001401815700001601829700001101845700001501856856012801871 2020 eng d a1463-926200aFunctionalized magnetic nanosized materials for efficient biodiesel synthesis via acid-base/enzyme catalysis0 aFunctionalized magnetic nanosized materials for efficient biodie cMAY a2977-30120 v223 a

According to the principles of green chemistry, the rapid recovery and reuse of catalysts after a catalytic reaction are important factors to realize the sustainable management of chemical production processes. The functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles is the basis for the efficient separation of heterogeneous catalysts from the reaction system by using the magnetic separation technology as well as for effectively bridging heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic processes. This can considerably improve the production efficiency and reduce energy consumption as well. Owing to important applications as a potential biofuel or fuel additive, the synthesis of biodiesel mainly from low-cost biomass feedstocks has received considerable attention in the current biorefinery research. A simple synthesis process coupled with the application of functionalized magnetic catalysts can remarkably reduce the production cost and minimize waste generation, thereby promoting the potential development of green catalytic processes for the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. In this review, the preparation methods, structural and performance control, and protection and functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles as well as the consequent catalytic effects in the synthesis of biodiesel (mainly long-chain fatty acid methyl esters) have been reported. In addition, various representative reaction mechanisms are discussed, emphasizing the existing challenges and prospects of industrialization.

1 aWang, Anping1 aSudarsanam, Putla1 aXu, Yufei1 aZhang, Heng1 aLi, Hu1 aYang, Song uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/functionalized-magnetic-nanosized-materials-efficient-biodiesel-synthesis-acid-baseenzyme02900nas a2200349 4500008004100000022001400041245017200055210006900227260000800296300001400304490000700318520169700325653002202022653001102044653003402055653000802089653001702097653002502114653002602139653001402165653003002179100002402209700002402233700002702257700001602284700002502300700002002325700001902345700002802364700002902392856012902421 2020 eng d a0066-480400aWhole-cell phenotypic screening of medicines for malaria venture pathogen box identifies specific inhibitors of plasmodium falciparum late-stage development and egress0 aWholecell phenotypic screening of medicines for malaria venture  cMAY ae01802-190 v643 a

We report a systematic, cellular phenotype-based antimalarial screening of the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box collection, which facilitated the identification of specific blockers of late-stage intraerythrocytic development of Plasmodium falciparum. First, from standard growth inhibition assays, we identified 173 molecules with antimalarial activity (50% effective concentration [EC50] <= 10 mu M), which included 62 additional molecules over previously known antimalarial candidates from the Pathogen Box. We identified 90 molecules with EC50 of <= 1 mu M, which had significant effect on the ring-trophozoite transition, while 9 molecules inhibited the trophozoite-schizont transition and 21 molecules inhibited the schizontring transition (with >= 50% parasites failing to proceed to the next stage) at 1 mu M. We therefore rescreened all 173 molecules and validated hits in microscopy to prioritize 12 hits as selective blockers of the schizont-ring transition. Seven of these molecules inhibited the calcium ionophore-induced egress of Toxoplasma gondii, a related apicomplexan parasite, suggesting that the inhibitors may be acting via a conserved mechanism which could be further exploited for target identification studies. We demonstrate that two molecules, MMV020670 and MMV026356, identified as schizont inhibitors in our screens, induce the fragmentation of DNA in merozoites, thereby impairing their ability to egress and invade. Further mechanistic studies would facilitate the therapeutic exploitation of these molecules as broadly active inhibitors targeting late-stage development and egress of apicomplexan parasites relevant to human health.

10aDNA fragmentation10aegress10aMedicines for Malaria Venture10aMMV10aPathogen Box10aphenotypic screening10aPlasmodium falciparum10aschizonts10astage-specific inhibition1 aPatra, Alok, Tanala1 aHingamire, Tejashri1 aBelekar, Meenakshi, A.1 aXiong, Aoli1 aSubramanian, Gowtham1 aBozdech, Zbynek1 aPreiser, Peter1 aShanmugam, Dhanasekaran1 aChandramohanadas, Rajesh uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/whole-cell-phenotypic-screening-medicines-malaria-venture-pathogen-box-identifies-specific01948nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260000900226300001200235490000600247520110500253100002201358700001501380700001901395700002101414700001901435700001501454700002801469700001601497700001701513700000501530700002501535856012201560 2021 eng d a2380-819500aOperando generated ordered heterogeneous catalyst for the selective conversion of CO2 to methanol0 aOperando generated ordered heterogeneous catalyst for the select cFEB  a509-5160 v63 a

The discovery of new materials for efficient transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into desired fuel can revolutionize large-scale renewable energy storage and mitigate environmental damage due to carbon emissions. In this work, we discovered an operando generated stable Ni-In kinetic phase that selectively converts CO2 to methanol (CTM) at low pressure compared to the state-of-the-art materials. The catalytic nature of a well-known methanation catalyst, nickel, has been tuned with the introduction of inactive indium, which enhances the CTM process. The remarkable change in the mechanistic pathways toward methanol production has been mapped by operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy analysis, corroborated by first-principles calculations. The ordered arrangement and pronounced electronegativity difference between metals are attributed to the complete shift in mechanism. The approach and findings of this work provide a unique advance toward the next-generation catalyst discovery for going beyond the state-of-the-art in CO2 reduction technologies.

1 aCherevotan, Arjun1 aRaj, Jithu1 aDheer, Lakshay1 aRoy, Soumyabrata1 aSarkar, Shreya1 aDas, Risov1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aXu, Shaojun1 aWells, Peter1 a1 aPeter, Sebastian, C. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/operando-generated-ordered-heterogeneous-catalyst-selective-conversion-co2-methanol01753nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260000900239300001600248490000700264520103300271100001901304700001601323700001601339700001501355700002401370700002401394856012901418 2022 eng d a2050-748800aUnderstanding the effect of sodium polyphosphate on improving the chemical stability of Ti3C2Tz MXene in water0 aUnderstanding the effect of sodium polyphosphate on improving th cOCT  a22016-220240 v103 a

Degradation of MXenes in aqueous environments severely limits the application and industrialization of this large family of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Hydrolysis and oxidation are now considered as two main degradation mechanisms and while significant efforts have been directed to prolonging the shelf-life of MXenes, separating and studying their degradation mechanisms have lagged behind. Herein, gas analysis via gas chromatography and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the effect of sodium polyphosphate, PP, on the degradation of Ti3C2Tz MXene. Transmission and scanning electron microscopies, as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopywere also used as complimentary techniques to support conclusions derived from gas analysis and to confirm the extent of degradation via characterization of solid reaction products. Based on these studies we have determined that the addition of PP to an equal mass of Ti3C2Tz solution can effectively suppress hydrolysis and protect Ti3C2Tz from degradation.

1 aHuang, Shuohan1 aNatu, Varun1 aTao, Jingyi1 aXia, Yumin1 aMochalin, Vadym, N.1 aBarsoum, Michel, W. uhttp://library.ncl.res.in/content/understanding-effect-sodium-polyphosphate-improving-chemical-stability-ti3c2tz-mxene-water