@article { ISI:000306146400006,
	title = {Purification and biochemical characterization of endoglucanase from Penicillium pinophilum MS 20},
	journal = {Indian Journal of Biochemistry \& Biophysics},
	volume = {49},
	number = {3},
	year = {2012},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {189-194},
	publisher = {NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR},
	address = {DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, PUSA CAMPUS, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA},
	abstract = {<p>Cellulases find increasing prominence in sustainable production of fuel and feedstock from lignocellulosic biomass. The purification and biochemical characterization of individual components of cellulase complex is important to understand the mechanism of their action for the solubilization of crystalline cellulose. In this study, an extra-cellular endoglucanase isolated from culture filtrate of Penicillium pinophilum MS 20 was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The purified endoglucanase (specific activity 69 U/mg) was a monomeric protein with molecular mass of 42 kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE. The endoglucanase was active over a broad range of pH (4-7) with maximum activity at pH 5 and showed optimum temperature of 50 degrees C. It retained 100\% activity at 50 degrees C for 6 h and half- lives of 4 h and 3 h at 60 degrees C and 70 degrees C, respectively. The kinetic constants for the endoglucanase determined with carboxymethyl cellulose as substrate were V-max of 72.5 U/mg and apparent K-m of 4.8 mg/ml. The enzyme also showed moderate activity towards H3PO4 swollen cellulose and p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside, but no activity towards filter paper, Avicel and oat spelt xylan. The activity was positively modulated by 47, 32 and 25\% in the presence of Co2+, Zn2+ and Mg2+, respectively to the reaction mixture. The wide pH stability (4-7) and temperature stability up to 50 degrees C of endoglucanase makes the enzyme suitable for use in cellulose saccharification at moderate temperature and pH.</p>},
	keywords = {Biochemical properties, Carboxymethyl cellulose, Endoglucanase, Penicillium pinophilum MS 20, Purification},
	issn = {0301-1208},
	author = {Pol, Dipali and Laxman, Ryali Seeta and Rao, Mala}
}
@article {47575,
	title = {Mechanical and microstructural studies in a polysaccharide-acrylate double network hydrogel},
	journal = {Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials},
	volume = {124},
	year = {2021},
	month = {DEC},
	pages = {104839},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Polymeric hydrogels continue to find a wide range of applications. However, a major drawback of hydrogels is the lack of mechanical strength. In this regard, {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Double Network Hydrogels{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} (DN) have shown great promise recently. The toughness in DN hydrogels originates from the synergistic effect of two polymeric networks. In this work, we have synthesized a DN hydrogel consisting of a tightly cross linked carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as the first network and loosely cross linked poly(hydroxyethylacrylate) (PHEA) as a second network (CMC-PHEADN). The required flexibility in the second network (PHEA) was induced by the presence of a small amount of stearyl methacrylate (SM) as a co-monomer in hydroxyl ethyl acrylate (HEA). The compressive strength of the CMC-PEHA-DN hydrogel was found to be 280 times more than that of CMC-SN hydrogel, and the presence of SM in DN hydrogels showed better recovery after deformation. Cell viability studies showed the biocompatibility of DN hydrogels. The micro-structural analysis of DN xerogels by 3D X-ray Microtomography indicated the presence of oriented pores in size range of 30-40 mu m. To the best of our knowledge, Microtomography was used for the first time to study the DN gels. These hydrogels can be used to develop implants that can withstand prolonged stress and expand the life span of implants.},
	keywords = {Carboxymethyl cellulose, Double network hydrogels, Poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate), Poly(hydroxyethyl-co-stearyl methacrylate)},
	issn = {1751-6161},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104839},
	author = {Torris, Arun and Nair, Sanoop and Mol, K. P. Raji and Sengupta, Poulomi and Badiger, Manohar}
}
