@article { ISI:000229119800001, title = {Recent advances in biodegradable nanocomposites}, journal = {Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, year = {2005}, month = {APR}, pages = {497-526}, publisher = {AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS}, type = {Article}, address = {26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA}, abstract = {

There is growing interest in developing bio-based products and innovative process technologies that can reduce the dependence on fossil fuel and move to a sustainable materials basis. Biodegradable bio-based nanocomposites are the next generation of materials for the future. Renewable resource-based biodegradable polymers including cellulosic plastic (plastic made from wood), corn-derived plastics, and polyhydroxyalkanoates (plastics made from bacterial sources) are some of the potential biopolymers which, in combination with nanoclay reinforcement, can produce nanocomposites for a variety of applications. Nanocomposites of this category are expected to possess improved strength and stiffness with little sacrifice of toughness, reduced gas/water vapor permeability, a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, and an increased heat deflection temperature, opening an opportunity for the use of new, high performance, lightweight green nanocomposite materials to replace conventional petroleum-based composites. The present review addresses this green material, including its technical difficulties and their solutions.

}, keywords = {cellulose, layered silicates and properties, Nanocomposite, poly(caprolactone)s, poly(hydroxy alkanoate)s, polyiactic acid, Starch}, issn = {1533-4880}, doi = {10.1166/jnn.2005.111}, author = {Pandey, J. K. and Kumar, A. P. and Misra, M. and Mohanty, A. K. and Drzal, L. T. and Singh, R. P.} } @article { ISI:000259888700043, title = {Biocomposites of cellulose reinforced starch: improvement of properties by photo-induced crosslinking}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {99}, number = {18}, year = {2008}, month = {DEC}, pages = {8803-8809}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, type = {Article}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

In the present study, the composite films have been prepared from the aqueous dispersions of starch with microcrystalline cellulose using glycerol as plasticizer and irradiated under ultraviolet (UV) light using sodium benzoate as photo-sensitizer. Photocrosslinking was characterized by measuring the water absorption under 100\% relative humidity, swelling degree and gel fraction in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSC), upon irradiation time. Both, the incorporation of cellulose and photo-irradiation were found to decrease the water absorption, swelling in DMSO and increase the gel fraction. Thermal transitions indicated the anti-plasticization of amylopectin chains at the fiber/matrix interface. With increasing content of cellulose and photo-irradiation time, the tensile modulus and strength were found to improve. It is summarized that the combination of cellulose reinforcement and photo-crosslinking of matrix has improved the physical and mechanical properties. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Biocomposites, cellulose, Photo-irradiation and crosslinking, Starch}, issn = {0960-8524}, doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2008.04.045}, author = {Kumar, Annamalai Pratheep and Singh, Raj Pal} } @article { ISI:000262296200001, title = {Cellulose conversion under heterogeneous catalysis}, journal = {ChemSusChem}, volume = {1}, number = {12}, year = {2008}, month = {NOV}, pages = {969-975}, publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH}, type = {Article}, address = {PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {

In view of current problems such as global warming, high oil prices, food crisis, stricter environmental laws, and other geopolitical scenarios surrounding the use of fossil feedstocks and edible resources, the efficient conversion of cellulose, a non-food biomass, into energy, fuels, and chemicals has received much attention. The application of heterogeneous catalysis could allow researchers to develop environmentally benign processes that lead to selective formation of value-added products from cellulose under relatively mild conditions. This Minireview gives insight into the importance of biomass utilization, the current status of cellulose conversion, and further transformation of the primary products obtained

}, keywords = {Biomass, cellulose, heterogeneous catalysis, supported catalysts}, issn = {1864-5631}, doi = {10.1002/cssc.200800129}, author = {Dhepe, Paresh Laxmikant and Fukuoka, Atsushi} } @article { ISI:000257474100021, title = {Cellulose supported layered double hydroxides for the adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution}, journal = {Chemosphere}, volume = {72}, number = {6}, year = {2008}, month = {JUN}, pages = {995-998}, publisher = {PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD}, type = {Article}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Cellulose supported layered double hydroxides (CSLDHs) were synthesized and tested for adsorption of fluoride in aqueous medium. Three samples of cellulose supported LDHs were synthesized by varying the LDH loading on cellulose. The raw cellulose, unsupported LDH and cellulose supported LDHs were characterized by XRD, SEM and BET surface area. Batch adsorption as well as fixed-bed column experiments were performed for determining the fluoride adsorption characteristics of CSLDHs. The fluoride adsorption properties of CSLDHs were found to be superior to that of reported adsorbents, including activated alumina and carbon nanotubes. Defluoridation capacity of the CSLDHs was 2-4 times higher than that of unsupported LDH. The cellulose supported LDH, CSLDH-50, having an LDH loading of 27\% showed maximum fluoride uptake capacity (5.29 mg g(-1) of CSLDH, 25.18 mg g(-1) of LDH) in fixed-bed column study. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Adsorption, cellulose, Fluoride, Layered double hydroxide}, issn = {0045-6535}, doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.053}, author = {Mandal, Sujata and Mayadevi, S.} } @article { ISI:000271136800002, title = {Sustainable green catalysis by supported metal nanoparticles}, journal = {Chemical Record}, volume = {9}, number = {4}, year = {2009}, month = {AUG}, pages = {224-235}, publisher = {JOHN WILEY \& SONS INC}, address = {111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA}, abstract = {

The recent progress of sustainable green catalysis by supported metal nanoparticles is described. The template synthesis of metal nanoparticles in ordered porous materials is studied for the rational design of heterogeneous catalysts capable of high activity and selectivity. The application of these materials in green catalytic processes results in a unique activity and selectivity arising from the concerted effect of metal nanoparticles and supports. The high catalytic performances of Pt nanoparticles in mesoporous silica is reported Supported metal catalysts have also been applied to biomass conversion by heterogeneous catalysis Additionally, the degradation of cellulose by supported metal catalysts, in which bifunctional catalysis of acid and metal plays the key role for the hydrolysis and reduction of cellulose, is also reported. (C) 2009 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 9: 224-235: 2009: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.intersciencewiley.corn) DOI 10.1002/tcr.200900004

}, keywords = {Biomass, cellulose, CO oxidation, Mesoporous silica, supported metal catalyst}, issn = {1527-8999}, doi = {10.1002/tcr.200900004}, author = {Fukuoka, Atsushi and Dhepe, Paresh Laxmikant} } @article { ISI:000288092200005, title = {Preparation and characterization of bioceramic nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite (HA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)}, journal = {Macromolecular Research}, volume = {18}, number = {12}, year = {2010}, month = {DEC}, pages = {1160-1167}, publisher = {SPRINGER}, address = {233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}, abstract = {

We report the synthesis of biomimetic nanocomposites based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles via a co-precipitation method. Physico-chemical characterization was performed before and after calcination by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The formation of nanocomposites was observed by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spectral and crystallographic data indicated the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of CMC. They were observed as aggregates of HA nanoparticles and CMC, whose sizes were approximately similar to 260 +/- 40 nm. The crystallite size of the hydroxyapatite particles decreased (with 2 wt\% 18 +/- 3 nm) with increasing CMC content. The morphological aspects of the calcined samples revealed the sintering ability of HA nanoparticles. Nanocomposites of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles that mimic the process of nucleation and growth in nature can be prepared using biomacromolecules such as CMC.

}, keywords = {biopolymer, cellulose, hydroxyapatite, Nanoparticles, Particle size, X-ray diffraction}, issn = {1598-5032}, doi = {10.1007/s13233-010-1208-3}, author = {Kumar, Annamalai Pratheep and Mohaideen, Kamal Khaja and Alariqi, Sameh A. S. and Singh, Raj Pal} } @article { ISI:000333787700019, title = {Functionalized celluloses and their nanoparticles: morphology, thermal properties, and solubility studies}, journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers}, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, month = {APR}, pages = {135-142}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, type = {Article}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Agricultural residues derived cellulose was used to synthesize a new series of carboxy functionalized cellulosic nanoparticles (quasi-spherical shaped, 13.2-21.5\% carboxyl content) and macro-sized 6-carboxycelluloses (long-fibril shaped, 1.7-22\% carboxyl content). The DP (50-70) and yield (upto 46\%) of nanoparticles were manipulated by controlling the reaction temperature and time. TGA/DTG thermographs of the carboxycelluloses gave thermostability data and co-related well with the residual crystalline, amorphous, and anhydroglucuronic acid content. The particle shape and size had no effect on the thermal stability. Some derivatives were fully or partially soluble in aqueous alkali and non-aqueous solvents, which can lead to increased versatility of these polymers. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {6-Carboxycellulose, cellulose, DTG, Morphology, Nanoparticles, TGA}, issn = {0144-8617}, doi = {10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.015}, author = {Sharma, Priyanka R. and Varma, Anjanikumar} } @article { ISI:000343613000075, title = {Supramolecular transitions in native cellulose-I during progressive oxidation reaction leading to quasi-spherical nanoparticles of 6-carboxycellulose}, journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers}, volume = {113}, year = {2014}, month = {NOV}, pages = {615-623}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Cellulose-I swells considerably in phosphoric acid, and converts to amorphous cellulose via a cellulose-II transition state. Controlled oxidation of cellulose-I to 6-carboxycellulose (6CC) using HNO3-H3PO4-NaNO2 oxidation system led to the selective production of 6CC{\textquoteright}s of varying carboxyl contents (1.7-22\%) as well as various shapes and sizes (macro-sized fibrils of several micron length and/or spherical nanoparticles of 25-35 nm), depending on the reaction conditions. 6CC{\textquoteright}s having less than 14\% carboxyl content were largely in cellulose-II form (WAXRD values in-between cellulose I and cellulose II), whereas at 14-22\% the 6CC{\textquoteright}s were largely amorphous; only trace crystallinity was observed at 19\% and 22\% carboxyl 6CC. Spherical nanoparticles retained a high degree of crystallinity having cellulose-I structure, whereas the macro-sized fibrils were largely converted to cellulose-II structure. Analysis by WAXRD as well as by CP-MAS C-13 NMR studies gave similar conclusions. Reduced molecular weight with progressive oxidation, including presence of oligomers, was also evident from an increase in the reducing-end carbon peak at similar to 92 ppm. For high oxidation levels (\>14\%) the NMR 92-96 ppm peaks disappeared on extracting with dilute alkali, due to soluble oligomers being removed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Carboxycellulose, cellulose, Nanoparticles, NMR, WAXRD}, issn = {0144-8617}, doi = {10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.056}, author = {Sharma, Priyanka R. and Rajamohanan, Pattuparambil R. and Varma, Anjanikumar} } @article { ISI:000343613800043, title = {Thermal stability of cellulose and their nanoparticles: Effect of incremental increases in carboxyl and aldehyde groups}, journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers}, volume = {114}, year = {2014}, month = {DEC}, pages = {339-343}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Oxidized cellulose containing carboxyl and aldehyde functional groups represent an important class of cellulose derivatives. In this study effect of incrementally increasing COOH and CHO groups at C2, C3, and C6 positions of cellulose and nanocellulose has been investigated, with a view to understanding their effect on thermal treatment of cellulose. The results show that 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) is the most thermally stable oxidized product of cellulose while the most unstable derivatives contain carboxyl group at the C6 position (6CC). Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), with carboxymethyl group on C6 position, is more stable than 6CC. Multi-functionalized celluloses 2,3,6-tricarboxycellulose and 6-carboxy-2,3-dialdehyde, have the same level of thermal stability as 6CC, showing that the presence of carboxyl at the C6 is a key destabilizing factor in the thermal stability of oxidized cellulose products. More the number of reducing end groups on the polymer chain, lower the thermal stability of the cellulose, as proved by comparing the TGA/DTG of monomeric analogs dextrose, cellobiose and glucuronic acid with the oxidized celluloses. The thermal stability trend observed for oxidized celluloses was DAC \> DCC \> nanoparticles \> dextrose \>glucuronic acid, caused by extent of reducing ends and COOH groups. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {2, 3, 3-Dialdehyde cellulose, 6-Carboxycellulose, 6-Tricarboxycellulose, cellulose, TGA/DTG}, issn = {0144-8617}, doi = {10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.032}, author = {Sharma, Priyanka R. and Varma, Anjanikumar} } @article { ISI:000374811300057, title = {Shape and size engineered cellulosic nanomaterials as broad spectrum anti-microbial compounds}, journal = {International Journal of Biological Macromolecules}, volume = {87}, year = {2016}, month = {JUN}, pages = {460-465}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

Oxidized celluloses have been used for decades as antimicrobial wound gauzes and surgical cotton. We now report the successful synthesis of a next generation narrow size range (25-35 nm) spherical shaped nanoparticles of 2,3,6-tricarboxycellulose based on cellulose I structural features, for applications as new antimicrobial materials. This study adds to our previous study of 6-carboxycellulose. A wide range of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphloccocus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (non-pathogenic as well as pathogenic strains) were affected by these polymers in in vitro studies. Activity against Mycobacteria were noted at high concentrations (MIC99 values 250-1000 mu g/ml, as compared to anti-TB drug Isoniazid 0.3 mu g/ml). However, the broad spectrum activity of oxidized celluloses and their nanoparticles against a wide range of bacteria, including Mycobacteria, show that these materials are promising new biocompatible and biodegradable drug delivery vehicles wherein they can play the dual role of being a drug encapsulant as well as a broad spectrum anti-microbial and anti-TB drug. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Anti-microbial, cellulose, Spherical nanoparticles, Tricarboxycellulose}, issn = {0141-8130}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.02.024}, author = {Sharma, Priyanka R. and Kamble, Sunil and Sarkar, Dhiman and Anand, Amitesh and Varma, Anjanikumar} } @article { ISI:000370664300002, title = {Solid acid catalyzed synthesis of furans from carbohydrates}, journal = {Catalysis Reviews-Science and Engineering}, volume = {58}, number = {1}, year = {2016}, month = {JAN}, pages = {36-112}, publisher = {TAYLOR \& FRANCIS INC}, type = {Article}, address = {530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA}, abstract = {

The alternative feedstock, biomass (particularly lignocelluloses), having the profuse availability, is promising for the synthesis of several value-added chemicals which are currently obtained from fossil feedstock. In this article, the synthesis of two extremely significant furan chemicals viz. furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are discussed. In the synthesis of furans from biomass, numerous challenges, i.e., use of edible sugars as substrates, selectivity to furans, their isolation in pure form, reuse of catalyst, environmental issues, etc., are perceived and in the recent past researchers tried to resolve those by developing advance methodologies. This article comprehensively summarizes the latest progress made in the above-mentioned areas and also provides commentary on the analyses of results, rationale for observed activity and mechanisms, etc. It also discusses future aspects of this work.

}, keywords = {Biomass conversion, carbohydrates, cellulose, furans, furfural, hemicelluloses, HMF, solid acid catalyst}, issn = {0161-4940}, doi = {10.1080/01614940.2015.1099894}, author = {Bhaumik, Prasenjit and Dhepe, Paresh Laxmikant} } @article {44016, title = {New insight into sugarcane industry waste utilization (press mud) for cleaner biobutanol production by using c. acetobutylicum nrrl b-527}, journal = {Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology}, year = {2017}, month = {MAY}, chapter = {1-18}, abstract = {

In the present study, press mud, a sugar industry waste, was explored for biobutanol production to strengthen agricultural economy. The fermentative production of biobutanol was investigated via series of steps, viz. characterization, drying, acid hydrolysis, detoxification, and fermentation. Press mud contains an adequate amount of cellulose (22.3\%) and hemicellulose (21.67\%) on dry basis, and hence, it can be utilized for further acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production. Drying experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 60{\textendash}120 {\textdegree}C to circumvent microbial spoilage and enhance storability of press mud. Furthermore, acidic pretreatment variables, viz. sulfuric acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, and time, were optimized using response surface methodology. The corresponding values were found to be 1.5\% (v/v), 1:5 g/mL, and 15 min, respectively. In addition, detoxification studies were also conducted using activated charcoal, which removed almost 93{\textendash}97\% phenolics and around 98\% furans, which are toxic to microorganisms during fermentation. Finally, the batch fermentation of detoxified press mud slurry (the sample dried at 100 {\textdegree}C and pretreated) using Clostridium acetobutylicum NRRL B-527 resulted in a higher butanol production of 4.43 g/L with a total ABE of 6.69 g/L. {\textcopyright} 2017 Springer Science+Business Media New York Author keywords

}, keywords = {Acetone, Acetone butanol ethanols, Acidic pre treatments, Agriculture, Biobutanol, cellulose, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Detoxification, Drying, Drying Fermentation, FermentationSpoilage, Fermentative production, Pre-treatment, Press mud, Press mud Pretreatment, Response surface methodology, Sugar industry, Sulfur determination}, issn = {0273-2289}, doi = {10.1007/s12010-017-2479-3}, author = {Nimbalkar, Pranhita R. and Khedkar, Manisha A. and Gaikwad, S. G. and Chavan, Pramod V. and Bankar, Sandip B.} } @article {44200, title = {Electrospinning of non-ionic cellulose ethers/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers: characterization and applications}, journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers}, volume = {181}, year = {2018}, month = {FEB }, pages = {175-182}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

The morphology of spin-coated films and electrospun fibers of ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose (EHEC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HM-EHEC) and their blends with Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was examined by AFM, SEM and contact angle measurements. These polysaccharides upon blending with PVA exhibited smooth surface which was evidenced by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) observation. The electrospinnability of above polysaccharides with PVA was demonstrated for the first time. The oriented fibers could be obtained using a rotating disc collector. Contact angles of spin-coated films and electrospun fibers were discussed in terms of hydrophobicity and wetting characteristics. Further, The nanofibers of EHEC/PVA were in-situ crosslinked using citric acid and were used for controlled release of an antibacterial drug, Chlorhexidine Digluconate (ChD). In-vitro studies of cytotoxicity, cell growth and cell proliferation were performed using L929 mouse fibroblast cells. These nanofiber mats show potential in drug delivery and as scaffolds in tissue engineering applications.

}, keywords = {cellulose, drug delivery, electrospinning, Ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose, Hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxy ethyl, scaffold, Spin coating}, issn = {0144-8617}, doi = {10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.070}, author = {Wali, Ashwini and Zhang, Yucheng and Sengupta, Poulomi and Higaki, Yuji and Takahara, Atsushi and Badiger, Manohar V.} } @article {48101, title = {Efficient synthesis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural esters from polymeric carbohydrates using 5-(chloromethyl)furfural as a reactive intermediate}, journal = {ACS Sustainable Chemistry \& Engineering}, volume = {10}, year = {2022}, month = {MAY}, pages = {5803-5809}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

This work reports an efficient, gram-scale synthesis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) esters using biomass-derived 5-(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF) as a reactive intermediate. The HMF-esters have potential applications as chemicalintermediates, fuel additives, and bioactive compounds. Initially, CMF was prepared in good yields directly from polymericcarbohydrates (starch, inulin, and cellulose) and cellulosic materials (cotton andfilter paper) using a biphasic batch reaction system,consisting of aqueous hydrochloric acid and 1,2-dichloroethane. The use of ZnCl2as an additive allowed the reaction to proceedunder milder conditions while significantly improving the isolated yield of CMF. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time,extracting solvent, and ZnCl2loading on CMF yield were investigated. Microcrystalline cellulose was converted into CMF with a72\% isolated yield under optimized reaction conditions (80 degrees C, 2 h). After that, CMF was transformed into various novel esters ofHMF in excellent isolated yields (\>85\%) by reacting with a slight excess amount of the triethylammonium salt of various alkyl/arylcarboxylic acids under solvent-free conditions

}, keywords = {catalysis, cellulose, furanics, HMF-esters, renewable synthesis}, issn = {2168-0485}, doi = {10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c08571}, author = {Bhat, Navya Subray and Hegde, Shobhita L. and Dutta, Saikat and Sudarsanam, Putla} } @article {47992, title = {Recent developments in the applications of biomass-derived sulfonated carbonaceous solid acid catalysts}, journal = {Helvetica Chimica Acta}, volume = {105}, year = {2022}, month = {AUG}, pages = {e202200032}, type = {Review}, abstract = {

Recently, carbon-based materials are gaining a lot of attraction. It is considered as an emerging area of research and has gained significant importance as an efficient catalyst/material in various fields. Biomass is abundantly available, cheap and a renewable carbon resource. Sulfonated carbonaceous solid acid catalyst can be derived by sulfonation of various sources of biomass such as sugars, lignin, fruit waste, agro-waste, bio-char, etc. Sulfonated carbonaceous solid acid catalysts can be used as a substitute to liquid acids. These catalysts possess a stable carbon skeleton and are insoluble in almost all organic solvents as well as under acidic/basic conditions. This review covers details about biomass-derived sulfonated carbonaceous solid acid catalysts and its catalytic activities in many important transformations such as hydrolysis of cellulose, synthesis of biodiesel, synthesis of various important chemicals and for various organic transformations.

}, keywords = {Biodiesel, Biomass, cellulose, Hydrolysis, sulfonated carbonaceous solid acid catalyst}, issn = {0018-019X}, doi = {10.1002/hlca.202200032}, author = {Kirdant, Swapnali P. and Tamboli, Asma T. Biradar and Jadhav, Vrushali H.} } @article {48732, title = {Multipurpose cellulases of Promicromonospora sp. VP111, with broad substrate specificity and tolerance properties}, journal = {Journal of Basic Microbiology}, volume = {63}, year = {2023}, month = {JUL}, pages = {790-800}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

Cellulolytic actinobacterium, Promicromonospora sp. VP111 concomitantly produced cellulases (CELs), xylanase and pectinase when grown on commercial cellulose and untreated agricultural lignocellulosic residues (wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse). Secreted CELs hydrolyzed (enhanced with Co2+ ion) multiple cellulosic substrates, including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), Whatman filter paper no. 1, microcrystalline cellulose (avicel), p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), laminarin, and cellulose powder. The CELs showed stabilities in the presence of various chemicals, including glucose (0.2 M), detergents (1\%, w/v or v/v), denaturants (1\%, w/v or v/v), and sodium chloride (NaCl, 30\%, w/v). The CELs were fractionated using ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. Activities (\%) of fractionated CELs were retained at 60 degrees C for endoglucanase/carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) (88.38), filter paper cellulase (FPase) (77.55), and beta-glucosidase (90.52), which indicated of thermo-stability. Similarly, the activities (\%) for CMCase (85.79), FPase (82.48), and beta-glucosidase (85.92) at pH 8.5 indicated of alkaline-stability. Kinetic factors, K-m and V-max for endoglucanase component of fractionated CELs were 0.014 g/l and 158.23 mu M glucose/min/mL, respectively. Fractionated CELs yielded activation energies (kJ/mol) of 17.933, 6.294, and 4.207 for CMCase, FPase, and beta-glucosidase activities, respectively in linear thermostable Arrhenius plots. Thus, this study reports on the multipurpose CELs from an untreated agricultural residue utilizing Promicromonospora in relation to broad substrate specificity, halo-tolerance, alkaline-tolerance, detergent-tolerance, thermo-tolerance, organic solvent-tolerance, and end product-tolerance.

}, keywords = {cellulases, cellulose, Endoglucanase, Lignocellulose, Promicromonospora sp, VP111}, issn = {0233-111X}, doi = {10.1002/jobm.202200679}, author = {Thomas, Lebin and Ram, Hari and Singh, Ved P.} }