@article { ISI:000327236600002,
	title = {Remarkable efficiency of a pin-II proteinase inhibitor sans two conserved disulfide bonds is due to enhanced flexibility and hydrogen bond density in the reactive site loop},
	journal = {Journal of Biomolecular Structure \& Dynamics},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {13-26},
	publisher = {TAYLOR \& FRANCIS INC},
	address = {325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA},
	abstract = {<p>Capsicum annuum (L.) expresses diverse potato type II family proteinase inhibitors comprising of inhibitory repeat domain (IRD) as basic functional unit. Most IRDs contain eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds, which are indispensible for their stability and activity. We investigated the functional significance of evolutionary variations in IRDs and their role in mediating interaction between the inhibitor and cognate proteinase. Among the 18 IRDs encoded by C. annuum, IRD-7, -9, and -12 were selected for further characterization on the basis of variation in their reactive site loop, number of conserved cysteine residues, and higher theoretical G(bind) for interaction with Helicoverpa armigera trypsin. Moreover, inhibition kinetics showed that IRD-9, despite loss of some of the disulfide bonds, was a more potent proteinase inhibitor among the three selected IRDs. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that serine residues in the place of cysteines at seventh and eighth positions of IRD-9 resulted in an increase in the density of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and reactive site loop flexibility. Results of the serine residues chemical modification also supported this observation and provided a possible explanation for the remarkable inhibitory potential of IRD-9. Furthermore, this natural variant among IRDs showed special attributes like stability to proteolysis and synergistic inhibitory effect on other IRDs. It is likely that IRDs have coevolved selective specialization of their structure and function as a response towards specific insect proteases they encountered. Understanding the molecular mechanism of pest protease-plant proteinaceous inhibitor interaction will help in developing effective pest control strategies.An animated interactive 3D complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:39</p>},
	keywords = {Capsicum annuum, Helicoverpa armigera, Proteases, Proteinase inhibitor},
	issn = {0739-1102},
	doi = {10.1080/07391102.2012.745378},
	author = {Joshi, Rakesh S. and Mishra, Manasi and Tamhane, Vaijayanti A. and Ghosh, Anirban and Sonavane, Uddhavesh and Suresh, C. G. and Joshi, Rajendra and Gupta, Vidya S. and Giri, Ashok P.}
}
@article { ISI:000331848900023,
	title = {Stress inducible proteomic changes in capsicum annuum leaves},
	journal = {Plant Physiology and Biochemistry},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2014},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {212-217},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER},
	address = {23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE},
	abstract = {<p>Herbivore attack induces defense responses in plants, activating several signaling cascades. As a result, molecules deterrent to the herbivores are produced and accumulated in plants. Expression of defense mechanism/traits requires reorganization of the plant metabolism, redirecting the resources otherwise meant for growth. In the present work, protein profile of Capsicum annuum leaves was examined after herbivore attack/induction. Majority of proteins identified as differentially accumulated, were having roles in redox metabolism and photosynthesis. For example, superoxide dismutase and NADP oxidoreductase were upregulated by 10- and 6-fold while carbonic anhydrase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were downregulated by 9- and 4-fold, respectively. Also, superoxide dismutase, NADPH quinone oxidoreductase and NADP dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase transcripts showed a higher accumulation in induced leaf tissues at early time points. In general, proteins having role in defense and damage repair were upregulated while those involved in photosynthesis appeared downregulated. Thus metabolic reconfiguration to balance defense and tolerance was evident in the stress-induced leaves. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Capsicum annuum, Oxidative stress, Wounding},
	issn = {0981-9428},
	doi = {10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.11.017},
	author = {Mahajan, Neha S. and Mishra, Manasi and Tamhane, Vaijayanti A. and Gupta, Vidya S. and Giri, Ashok P.}
}
