@article { ISI:000305295000014,
	title = {Design, synthesis and evaluation of unique 2,4,5-triaryl imidazole derivatives as novel potent aspartic protease inhibitors},
	journal = {Medicinal Chemistry},
	volume = {8},
	number = {3},
	year = {2012},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {428-435},
	publisher = {BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD},
	address = {EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES},
	abstract = {<p>The 2,4,5-triaryl imidazole derivatives (API) were designed, screened and characterized kinetically \&amp; thermo-dynamically against Pepsin and their activity was also tested on the in silico platform. The docking studies of API with Pepsin show that these are novel and unique inhibitors of Aspartic protease. Drug like properties of these compounds were validated in silico based on Lipinski{\textquoteright}s rule of Five by calculating ClogP, LogS, H-bond acceptors, H-Bond donors, rotational bonds, PSA, PB and BBB values. The Et/Ki and Et/Km values of API show that they follow the Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The binding of inhibitors with proteases was explained by using Van{\textquoteright}t Hoff plot and thermodynamic parameters viz. free energy (Delta G), Entropy (Delta S) and Enthalpy (Delta H). The Van{\textquoteright}t Hoff analysis showed that the value of K-i decreases with increase in temperature and the binding of the inhibitor are entropically driven. API act as new potent aspartic protease inhibitors with K-i, for Pepsin, ranges from 3.7 mu M to 16.7 mu M. Strong hydrophobic groups at C-4 \&amp; C-5 position in API favor binding of inhibitors with Pepsin. Experiments also showed that among C-2 aryl substituted imidazole, a 4-substitution on aryl ring is preferred and less polar substituent makes the molecule more active whereas polar substituents at 2-position on C-2 aryl ring makes the molecule less active. The docking studies of API with Pepsin further intensify and validate our results.</p>},
	keywords = {2, 4, 5-triaryl imidazole derivatives, docking, Lipinski{\textquoteright}s rule of Five, Protease inhibitors, Thermodynamics},
	issn = {1573-4064},
	author = {Khan, Mohd Sajid and Akhtar, Salman and Siddiqui, S. A. and Siddiqui, M. S. and Srinivasan, K. V. and Arif, J. M.}
}
@article { ISI:000324465000030,
	title = {Design, synthesis, evaluation and thermodynamics of 1-substituted pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives as cysteine protease inhibitors},
	journal = {Plos One},
	volume = {8},
	number = {8},
	year = {2013},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {e69982},
	publisher = {PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE},
	address = {1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA},
	abstract = {<p>Targeting papain family cysteine proteases is one of the novel strategies in the development of chemotherapy for a number of diseases. Novel cysteine protease inhibitors derived from 1-pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine representing pharmacologically important class of compounds are being reported here for the first time. The derivatives were initially designed and screened in silico by molecular docking studies against papain to explore the possible mode of action. The molecular interaction between the compounds and cysteine protease (papain) was found to be very similar to the interactions observed with the respective epoxide inhibitor (E-64c) of papain. Subsequently, compounds were synthesized to validate their efficacy in wet lab experiments. When characterized kinetically, these compounds show their K-i and IC50 values in the range of 13.75 to 99.30 mu M and 13.40 to 96.50 mu M, respectively. The thermodynamics studies suggest their binding with papain hydrophobically and entropically driven. These inhibitors also inhibit the growth of clinically important different types of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria having MIC50 values in the range of 0.6-1.4 mu g/ml. Based on Lipinski{\textquoteright}s rule of Five, we also propose these compounds as potent antibacterial prodrugs. The most active antibacterial compound was found to be 1-(2-pyridyl)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine (3a).</p>},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0069982},
	author = {Khan, Mohd Sajid and Baig, Mohd Hassan and Ahmad, Saheem and Siddiqui, Shapi Ahmad and Srivastava, Ashwini Kumar and Srinivasan, Kumar Venkatraman and Ansari, Irfan A.}
}
