@article {48389, title = {Biodegradable, solvent-free photocrosslinkable PLLA resin formulations for additive manufacturing}, journal = {Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics}, volume = {223}, year = {2022}, month = {NOV}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

Acrylate end-functionalized linear and star poly l-lactide (PLLA) based aliphatic, photocurable oligomeric crosslinkers are developed, which are formulated with hydroxyl (ethyl)methacrylate (HEMA) as a biodegradable reactive diluent to demonstrate successful application for solvent-less 3D printing using digital light processing (DLP) technique as well as a custom-designed direct ink writing 3D printer. The resin formulation for 3D printing is optimized using spot curing, photodifferential scanning calorimetry and cure depth analysis. The 3D printed parts exhibit promising mechanical property along with improved hydrophilicity and biodegradability. The development of new photocurable resin formulations are expected to meet the growing demand for raw materials that can be applied for developing custom designed bio implantable objects.

}, keywords = {3D printing, biodegradable materials, digital light processing, L-Lactide, photocurable materials}, issn = {1022-1352}, doi = {10.1002/macp.202200139}, author = {Pal, Shibam and Asha, S. K.} } @article {49380, title = {Biocompatible PVAc-g--PLLA acrylate polymers for DLP 3D printing with tunable mechanical properties}, journal = {ACS APPLIED MATERIALS \& INTERFACES}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {OCT }, pages = {62594-62605}, type = {Journal Article}, keywords = {acid, copolymers, polymerization, TACONIC ANHYDRIDE}, issn = {1944-8244}, doi = {10.1021/acsami.4c11285}, author = {Pal, Shibam and Gavhane, Utreshwar Arjun and Asha, S. K.} } @article {49410, title = {Room temperature photocurable PEEK polymer formulations for high-performance 3D printing applications}, journal = {ACS Applied Engineering Materials}, volume = {2}, year = {2024}, month = {JUN}, pages = {1450{\textendash}1459}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

Digital light processing (DLP) technology was employed to 3D print acrylate-modified poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK). PEEK and modified PEEK (mPEEK incorporating pendant pentadecyl chain) polymers were synthesized and end-capped with urethane acrylate units. These end-modified PEEK polymers were combined with commercially available (meth)acrylic cross-linkers and photoinitiator to create photocurable resin formulations suitable for DLP 3D printing. The resulting 3D-printed parts exhibited remarkable mechanical strength, with a Young{\textquoteright}s modulus of 2.1 GPa. This surpassed the mechanical properties of commercial acrylate resin 3D-printed parts and achieved approximately 55\% of the Young{\textquoteright}s modulus of reported commercial PEEK polymer. Notably, the thermal properties of the 3D-printed materials were impressive, including a high glass transition temperature of 140 {\textdegree}C and stability with only around 10\% weight degradation occurring at approximately 400 {\textdegree}C. These innovative resins demonstrated excellent printability with high resolution, enabling the fabrication of intricate shapes, including complex dental materials by DLP 3D printing. Their versatility extends to potential applications in dentistry, automobile manufacturing, and robotics.

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaenm.4c00275}, author = {Pal, Shibam and Gaikwad, Yogesh and Asha, S. K.} } @article {49039, title = {Thiol-ene-based degradable 3D printed network from bio resource derived monomers ethyl-lactate and isosorbide}, journal = {European Polymer Journal}, volume = {205}, year = {2024}, month = {FEB }, type = {Article}, abstract = {

A polymeric ene-based thiol-ene network is reported that was demonstrated for light-based 3D printing. Allyl poly (acrylate ethyl lactate) (PAEL) was synthesized starting from ethyl lactate in an efficient and scalable manner. Ethyl lactate is a biobased material obtained naturally or chemically in high yields in the form of ethyl ester of lactic acid. Isosorbide, which is also a bio based resource was converted into thiol derivative and was used along with Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as multifunctional thiol. The polymeric nature of the ene (i.e. PAEL) imparted exceptionally high mechanical properties like Young{\textquoteright}s modulus of 1.75 GPa as well as high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature (Td,10\%) exceeding 350 C for all the networks studied. The properties could also be customized by fine tuning the type and stoichiometric ratio of the thiol crosslinked employed. For instance, the Young{\textquoteright}s modulus range from 1.75 GPa to 1.03 GPa and glass transition temperature range from 44 C to 54 C could be achieved. DLP 3D printing was used to demonstrate the printability of the resins with high resolution and structural fidelity. The study also highlights the basemediated rapid hydrolytic degradation efficiency of the 3D printed parts, demonstrating the applicability of these novel polymeric ene based thiol-ene for sustainable and eco-friendly 3D printable formulations.

}, keywords = {3D printing, Degradation, digital light processing, Poly (acrylate ethyl lactate), Thiol-ene}, issn = {0014-3057}, doi = {10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2024.112761}, author = {Pal, Shibam and Asha, S. K.} }